Viscous Flow Around Metal Spheres在金属球上的粘性流.pptVIP

Viscous Flow Around Metal Spheres Terminal Velocity and Acceleration Profile as a Function of Radius Introduction Characterize viscous flow around a sphere Find dependence of terminal velocity on radius Find dependence of acceleration profile on radius Introduction Classical problem in fluid dynamics Special flow regime called Stoke’s Flow Viscous forces dominate the flow Often used to determine fluid viscosity Our Experimental Setup Graduated cylinder filled with glycerin Different sizes of metal balls Digital Camcorder Experimental Setup 6 different sized steel balls Experimental Setup Experimental Setup A video data file of the 6.35mm balls Theoretical Models Terminal Velocity Anticipated terminal velocity v. radius. Theoretical Models Acceleration Profile Theoretical Models Theoretical Models Theoretical Models Theoretical Models Theoretical ModelsNavier Stokes AnalysisNon-dimensionalizing the Eqns Theoretical ModelsFor Stokes Flow Re1So the Equations simplify to Theoretical ModelsNavier Stokes Analysis Theoretical ModelsAnalytical Soln for the Sphere Theoretical ModelsThe Analytical Expression for Drag Force F matches Dimensional Analysis Results Analysis Used video from camcorder to find experimental speeds Calculated theoretical speeds using model Compared: Experimental Theoretical Predicted Scaling Rate from Dimensional Analysis (V ~ r^2) Results Analysis Results Analysis Error sources Viscosity is a function of temperature! Results Analysis Error Sources (cont.) Bubbles effectively reduce viscosity when they’re in a ball’s path Bubbles effectively increase buoyancy when they’re piggybacking on a ball Sidewall effects (disruption of flow lines) Instrument resolution (time and distance) Results Analysis Velocity Profile Analysis Terminal velocity reached for smallest ball in 0.007 seconds, faster than camera. Reached for largest ball in 0.303 second, but times and distances involved were still too fast: Results Analysis Results Analysis Conc