词语选择 引申和褒贬.pptxVIP

Unit 3: Diction ;词义的选择、引申和褒贬;词义选择;接风 接骨 接球 接电话 接电线 接任 接生 接新生 ;wet;Story;;1.Correspondence at word level; 3） one word----several equivalents of different meanings cousin: 堂兄，堂弟，表姐，表妹，堂姐，堂妹--- president： 总统，总裁，主席，董事长，会长，校长，院长，--- carry: 拿, 搬, 扛, 运，提, 背, 拎，挑，抬, 担，搂，抱， 握, 举，端，托, 夹, 执, 携, 挟, 抓, 持, 挎, 挽，--- ;2. Choice of the meanings;;2）judging from the context;;3) Judging from collocation;He can appreciate modern music. I do not appreciate fully what he means. I appreciate the regard you have for me. Exercise: a heavy rain/ a heavy sea/ a heavy load/ a heavy buyer/a heavy crop/a heavy demand/ heavy news/ heavy sorrow/ a heavy vote/ a heavy thinker/a heavy schedule/ a heavy politician/ heavy advertising/ heavy casualties ;A word in different collocations or context. Like charges repel; unlike charges attract. 相同的电荷相斥，不同的电荷相吸。 He likes mathematics more than English. 他喜欢数学胜于喜欢英语。 Like knows like. 英雄识英雄。 The two pictures are very like. Like attracts like. 物以类聚。 Like cures like. 以毒攻毒。 Like for like. 以牙还牙。;词义的引申 Extension;在英译汉时，有些英语单词字典上找不到适当 的词义来确切表达愿意，需要把原来的词义引申 出来才能更好更确切地表达出来。这种情况， 常常从词义的角度来考虑。;A good war brings a good peace.;Good men, good women, good children. ;Type;Other things being equal, iron heats up faster than aluminum.;How;引申;2 比喻的引申: 如果英语的比喻在内容、形式、形象上与汉语相近似，可以相互借用，不用引申。如： The man is as stubborn as a mule. 犟得像头牛。 I am only a small potato in this office. 小人物 Don’t put your finger into another’s pie. 别管他人闲事。 汉语中没有相似的比喻，需要引申： Last night, I heard him driving his pigs to market. （鼾声如雷） She is as busy as a bee recently. （特别忙） Old Mr. Jones kicked the bucket last week.（呜呼哀哉） Don’t cross the bridge before you get to it.（不必担心太早） ;动物的隐喻性意义： 由于人们对日常生活中常见的???物比较熟悉和了解，语言中用动物来作隐喻的例子很多。 猴子： 猪： 猫： 狗： 狐狸： 虎： 母老虎： 孔雀：;(2)抽象概念的引申=concrete extension A nice enough young fellow, you understand, but nothing upstairs. （脑子里是一张白纸） The Iraqi War makes all the international morality or international laws become impossible. （失去