太阳差动自转之背景知识介绍演讲稿-太空科学研究所.PPTVIP

On the Cause of Solar Differential Rotation Ling-Hsiao Lyu Institute of Space Science, National Central University 呂凌霄 中央大學太空科學研究所 太空梭上所拍攝到的極光 極光什麼時候會出現？ 高緯地區，極光橢圓圈內的地方，每天晚上（尤其是午夜前），如果天空晴朗，一定可以看到極光。 非常劇烈的極光活動，通常發生在太陽閃焰之後的一兩天內，這段時間裡，全球地表的磁場也發生大幅變動，故稱為磁暴！ 二十世紀初科學家就發現：【極光出現頻率】、【磁暴出現頻率】、與【太陽黑子個數多寡】， 三者之間關係密切。 11-years Solar Cycle Based on Sunspot Number T: Differential rotation is the major cause of solar cycle! S: What is the cause of solar differential rotation?T: (mmm~~~~~~) It is an observational result!*@#%!Tough question! 當日珥出現在太陽光盤上時被稱為暗紋 Prominences on the solar disk is called Filaments Filaments on sloar disk * 太陽差動自轉的成因 Motivation of this study:To answer the toughest question in lectures of space physics Example of a lecture in space physicsSolar Cycle andSun-Earth Connection 磁暴時，難得一見之紅綠相間的極光（Ｏ2→Ｏ＋Ｏ） What is Sunspots?太陽黑子Sunspots on White Light Solar Image Close View of Sunspots Butterfly Diagram of Sunspot Distribution 22-years Solar Cycle Based on Leading Sunspot Magnetic Polarity Solar Differential Rotation -- Solar Dynamo (ww-effects, wa-effects)--22-years Magnetic Solar Cycle 太陽黑子數目與強磁暴之間的相關性 太陽外部磁偶極方向朝南期間 二十世紀末二十一世紀初科學家發現：【太陽日冕物質拋射】與【太陽風速大小】是造成【磁暴】與【絢麗極光】的主因。太陽日冕物質拋射則與日珥噴發息息相關！什麼是日冕？什麼是日珥？什麼是太陽風？ 日冕與日冕洞的可見光影像Corona Coronal Hole inWhite Light Image White-light solar image during solar maximum White-light solar image during solar minimum White-light solar image during solar minimum Magnetic Field Distribution in Corona and Coronal Hole regions 用不同波長的Ｘ光與紫外光觀測太陽圓盤上的日冕與日冕洞的分布 CORONAL HOLE DISTRIBUTIONON SOLAR DISKin Hard X-ray, Soft X-ray, EUV images Hard X-ray image Soft X-ray image EUV image Ulysses observation of solar wind speed(1991-1998) It is believed that …observed large-amplitudeAlfven waves are responsible for solar wind acceleration in the polar coronal hole region.High speed solar wind can lead to magnetic storm or substorm! S: What is the energy source of these large-amplitude Alfven waves?T: mm~~~, L