CAMPAGNE CASCADE简洁级联.pptVIP

Preliminary Results of the CASCADE Cruise (Gulf of Lions) * R/V l’Atalante, 01 - 23 March 2011 CEFREM, ICM-CSIC, UB, UPM, IFREMER, LA, HCMR, LOV, LMGEM, LOMIC, UA CASCADE: CAscading, Storm, Convection, Advection and Downwelling Events Cascading : Down-slope cascade of dense water formed along the coast Wind-driven mixing and cooling of the upper layer of the ocean during winter Open-Sea convection : Deepening of the mixed layer thickness in the open ocean Situation for the Gulf of Lions Marin Quantification of the export of dissolved and particulate organic and inorganic matter, as well as microorganisms (free and attached bacteria, phytoplankton) = validation of coupled models Open-sea convection event 02 Feb - Chlorophylle 05 Mar - Chlorophylle Radiale L Radiale M Difference phases of open-sea convection Preconditionning General circulation and winds combine to predispose some part of a gyre to locally overturn Mixing Heat loss associated with the wind exceed some critical level and initiates convection Sinking Sinking and restratification of the water column, once the surface forcing decline Spreading Dispersion of newly formed deep mixed water Transfer and sequestration of organic matter in the deep basin Response of deep ecosystems After Helen Johns (/~helen/oodc.html) Hints of pelagic ecosystem response to convection Bursts of deep (near-bottom) bio-luminescence measured by photomultiplier following convection events Both mechanical stimulation (current-induced) and spontaneous stimulation (bacterial growth due to nutrients inputs from surface and sediment) 103 102 10 13.3 13.2 40 30 10 0 20 Jan 2008 Jul 2008 Jan 2009 Jul 2009 Jan 2010 13.1 13.0 12.9 104 Pot. temperature (deg. C) Current speed (cm/s) Number of photon per seconds Jul 2010 After Tamburini et al ( submitted to Science) Depth (m) Potential temperature (°C) Chlorophylle (μg/L) 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 12.90 13.25 0 0.15 4 march 8 march Sinking and spreading Rapid shift from