塔吉克斯坦汉语讲授现状研讨.pdfVIP

中文摘要 塔吉克斯坦位于中亚东南部，1991年9月9 日正式宣告独立，独立后即爆 发内战，内战持续时间长达5年之久，1997年逐步走向稳定、发展，教育也随 之发展，1997年汉语正式进入塔吉克斯坦教育体系。目前，塔吉克斯坦汉语教 学机构主要有公立学校、私立学校、孔子学院，教学单位共计8所，多数集中 在首都杜尚别市。通过走访塔吉克斯坦境内的8所汉语教学单位，统计汉语教 学点的分布，了解教学单位性质，归纳出汉语教学的类型主要有国民高等教育 体系的汉语教学、私立学校的汉语教学以及语言培训机构的汉语教学。 塔吉克斯坦的汉语教学经历了10余年的发展，学习者人数由1997年的17 人增加到2010年的1174人，通过对汉语学习者及汉语教师的调查与访谈，分 析影响汉语教学的主观和客观因素。除学习者、家长和宗教等主观因素外，目 前，师资及教材成为制约汉语教学发展的瓶颈，面对教师数量不足、质量不高， 教材匮乏的现状，塔吉克斯坦一方面要利用目前中国的良好政策，申请更多的 中方教师援助教学；另一方面要大力培养合格的本土汉语教师。在教材上，中 塔双方教师应协同合作，编撰塔吉克语版的汉语教材，提高教学质量，培养合 格的汉语人才。 塔吉克斯坦的汉语教学经历了从无到有的过程，目前已进入发展时期，随 着中塔两国日益紧密的政治合作和经贸往来，加之两国的地缘关系，汉语学习 需求仍然有更广阔的空间。 关键词：塔吉克斯坦；汉语教学；现状研究 I Abstract Tajikistan is located in southeasten Central Asia. After the formal declaration of independence in september 9,1991, cival war broke out with that. The cival war lasted for as long as five years, went gradually towards stability in 1997. Education also developed in the movement of it. In 1997, chinese came formally into the education system of Tajikistan. Currently, there are in total eight chinese teaching institutions , they are public school, privite school and the Confuscius Institute ect, the majority of which are in the capital Dushanbe. Through interviewing those eight chinese teaching units in Tajikistan, stating the distribution of chinese teaching points, kowning about the quality of chinese teaching units, we summarized that the types of chinese teaching are mainly in national higher education system, private school and language training institution. Chinese teaching in Tajikistan has experienced more than 10 years’development, the learners has increased from 17 in 1997 to 1174 in 2010. With the help of surveying and interviewing to chinese learners an