英美社会文化资料.doc

英国篇 English history: 1,Stonehenge: A prehistoric monument located in the English county of Wiltshire. One of the most famous sites in the world, Stonehenge is composed of?earthworks?surrounding a circular setting of large?standing stones. 2,John Bull:a?national personification?of?Great Britain?in general and?England?in particular, especially in political cartoons and similar graphic works. He is usually depicted as a stout, middle-aged man, often wearing a?Union Flag?waistcoat. John Bulls surname is also reminiscent of the alleged fondness of the English for?beef, reflected in the French nickname for English people,?les?rosbifs?(the Roast Beefs). 3,the British Isles:A group of islandsoff the northwestcoast of continentalEurope that includethe islands of Great Britain and Ireland. 4,Britain (or GB): The largest of British Isles. 5,UK: The United Kingdom of GreatBritain(England,Scotland,wales) and Northern Ireland 6,The Union Flag or Union Jack,which embodies the emblems of the three countriesunited under one Sovereign. 7,TheBeginningofBritain:The Early settlers (…-55B.C.)Roman Britain (55B.C.-410A.D.)Anglo-Saxon Britain (410- 871)Viking Britain (871-1042)Norman Conquest (1066) 8The Celts/Celtics：warring tribes in ancientM./W. Europe Britain before Romans came。 9Roman Rule： Invasion Time Invaders 1 55 and 54 B.C Roman Emperor Julius Caesar 2 43 A.D. Roman Emperor Claudius 10Roman Civilization The month “July” is named after Julius Caesar himself. Extraordinary achievement in building roads “All Roads Lead to Rome” Hadrians Wall England’s Great Wall 2000 years ago 11Anglo-Saxon Britain (410-870)：In the 5th century, Angles, Saxons, and Jutes found the island easy to invade.The small Anglo-Saxon tribes gradually merged into seven or eight little kingdoms.Britain came to be called angle-land (later England)after the Angles, and the people spoke Anglo-Saxon) 12King Arthur：The best-known English legend。The 5th centuryStory 。King Arthur united the British