关于可变阻尼汽车悬架减振器结构设计.doc

摘 要 悬架系统是连接车身、车架和车轮之间的一个系统，其主要作用是传递作用在车身和车轮之间的力和，并缓冲由于路面不平传给车架或车身的冲击，衰减由冲击引起的振动，以保证车辆能够平顺地行驶，保证车轮具有理想的运动特性，保证汽车的操纵稳定性。 传统悬架系统的减振器，其阻尼特性通常是固定不变的。它不能使操纵稳定性和乘坐舒适性都得到优化，只能在二者之中寻求折中方案，或偏重于其中一种方案。现代汽车对悬架系统的减振器有着更高的要求，希望减振器的阻尼能够根据汽车具体的行驶状况来进行动态调节，使汽车的操纵稳定性和乘坐舒适性都能达到令人满意的状态。 本次研究课题是关于可变阻尼汽车悬架减振器结构的设计，研究变阻尼执行元件及减振器的设计原理及功能特点，并进行相应的设计计算。学习三维制图软件，建立三维模型并进行模拟装配和运动仿真。 关键词　悬架、可变阻尼汽车悬架、减振器、乘坐舒适性、操纵稳定性 Abstract The Suspension System is a kind of system which connects the automobile body, frame and wheels. Its function is to transmit force and torque act on the wheels and frame, to buffer the body or frame’s impulsive force from rough roads, and to reduce the shake caused by it. Making sure of that the car moves smoothly and steadily, the wheels have an ideal acceleration characteristic. Generally speaking, the traditional shock absorber’s damping characteristics are unchangeable. However, it can’t optimize both riding comfort and handing stability, it can only find a middle ground between the two sides, or emphasize one of them. The modern automobiles order more and higher requests on absorber of suspension system, it is hoped that the absorber’s damping characteristics have an automatic adjustment according to the specific driving, and make both riding comfort and handing stability to be satisfying. This study is a design on shock absorber’s structure of variable damping automobiles.It focuses on the design principles and functional characteristics of variable damping actuator element and absorber. Besides, it also requires some design calculation. For instance, studying three-dimensional graphics soft, building three-dimensional model, making simulation assembly and motion simulation are all necessary. Keywords　Suspension System;Variable damping suspension;Shock Absorber; Riding comfort;Handing stability 目 录 摘要 I Abstract II 第1章 绪论 1 1.1 课题背景 1 1.1.1 汽车悬架的发展概述 1 1.1.2 可变阻尼悬架的研究意义 1 1.2 悬架系统概述 2 1.3 本章小结 5 第2章 减振器基本参数设计 1 2.1 减振器的基本总成 1 2.2 减振器