三维空间数据可视化视觉变量研究.DOC

Wu Zhi-qiang, Ph.D candidate, His main researches include virtual geographic environment, 3D Visualization and Battlefield Visualization. E-mail: herowzq@126.com or herowzq@163.com RESEARCH ON VISION VARIABLE OF VIRTUAL TERRAIN ENVIRONMENT Wu Zhi-qiang, Zhao Dong-ming (Institute of Surveying and Mapping, Information Engineering University, Zhengzhou,Henan, 450052) AbstractWith the further development of Virtual Reality Technique, its application in Cartology has got a fast advance. As a result, the Virtual Terrain Environment has become an important approach in the cognition of geo-spatial environment. As a graphical language of geo-spatial information expression, the design of 3-D map symbol system has a vital impact on the efficiency and effect of geo-spatial information transmission. Because the 3-D vision variables are basic elements of the design of 3-D map symbols, this paper firstly makes an analysis of the characteristics of virtual terrain environment and a comparison of 2-D and 3-D expression methods, then proposes the 3-D vision variables of virtual terrain environment, which includes a) the basic variables, such as shape, material, texture, attitude and so on, b) kinetic variables, such as duration time, frame velocity, sequence, and c) environment variables, such as view point, light, shade, fog, etc. Finally the applications of vision variables are discussed. Keywords virtual terrain environment; 3-D map; map symbol; vision variables 1. Introduction As the carrier of spatial information, the function of maps is determined by the entire representation of symbols to a great extent. The map symbols are map’s figure language and the media with which the objective world, cartographer and map users are connected and map information is conveyed. The two basic functions of map symbols are as follows. Firstly, they tell the characteristics of the category, quantity and quality of objects. Secondly, they can be used to determine the distribution of the spatial