轻质碳酸钙导电粉体的制备与性能研究-化学专业论文.pdf.docxVIP

摘要碳酸钙（CaCO3）作为一种重要的无机填料，因价格低廉、性能优良、无毒无 味等特点，被广泛应用于塑料、橡胶、造纸、涂料等行业。然而，CaCO3 导电性 差，限制了其在导电抗静电领域的应用。将其与导电高聚物进行复合，可以显著 提高其导电性能，拓宽其应用领域。本文以 CaCO3 为基体，正硅酸乙酯（TEOS） 和 KH550 为改性剂，电导率优良的聚苯胺（PANI）为包覆原料，采用原位接枝法 制备出具有核壳结构的 CaCO3/SiO2/NH2/PANI 复合导电粉体，并用 XRD、TEM、 FTIR、TG、四探针仪等测试手段分析表征了其形貌、结构和电导率。通过复分解法制备了纺锤形 CaCO3，以 TEOS 为硅源，氨水为催化剂，乙醇 为共溶剂，系统研究了 SiO2 包覆改性的最佳工艺条件。结果表明，TEOS 浓度为 0.03 mol/L，醇水体积比为 8：2，温度为 45 oC 时，可在纺锤形 CaCO3 表面均匀包 覆一层 SiO2 膜。制备的 CaCO3/SiO2 具有核壳结构，SiO2 包覆改性没有改变 CaCO3 的形貌和结构，但提高了其耐酸性能。在包覆界面处，Si 元素以 Si-O-Ca 的形式结 合于 CaCO3 表面。以 KH550 为改性剂对 CaCO3/SiO2 复合粒子进行表面改性，当 KH550 用量为 2.5%时，改性产物 CaCO3/SiO2/NH2 的活化率最高。通过 KH550 改性后，复合粒 子的耐酸性能进一步提高。以 CaCO3/SiO2/NH2 为基体，过硫酸铵为氧化剂，盐酸为掺杂酸，通过原位聚 合法制备了 CaCO3/SiO2/NH2/PANI 复合物。制备该复合物的最佳工艺条件为：V 醇：V 水 = 7：0，m（CaCO3/SiO2/NH2）:m(An) = 1.5:1，CHCl = 0.6 mol/L。在此工 艺 条 件 下 ， CaCO3/SiO2/NH2 被 PANI 完 全 包 覆 ， 与 纯 PANI 相 比 ， CaCO3/SiO2/NH2/PANI 具有更好的热稳定性。关键词：CaCO3；导电复合粉体；形貌；结构；电导率AbstractCaCO3, as an important inorganic filler, is widely used in various fields such as rubber, plastics, paper making and coatings due to low cost, excellent performance and non-poisonous. Despite such attractive properties, the poor conductivity of CaCO3 significantly limits its application in various materials. One method for overcoming this problem is by preparing its composite with conducting polymers. In this paper, CaCO3 was firstly modified by TEOS and KH550. Then, polyaniline (PANI) was synthesized on the surface of the CaCO3/SiO2/NH2 composites, resulting the formation of core-shell composites of CaCO3/SiO2/NH2/PANI. The morphology, structure and conductivity of the CaCO3/SiO2/NH2/PANI composite particles is characterized by XRD, TEM, FTIR, TGA and four probe method.CaCO3 was prepared by multi-decomposed method. Then, we used Sol-Gel method, where TEOS was used as the precursor of SiO2, ammonia as the catalyst, ethanol as co-solvent, to do research on the technique of coating modification of CaCO3. The results indicated that when the reaction temperature was in 45 oC, t