112 – Partial Refraction and Total Internal Reflection112–部分的折射与全反射.pptVIP

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2018-06-27 发布于福建
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112 – Partial Refraction and Total Internal Reflection112–部分的折射与全反射.ppt

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112 – Partial Refraction and Total Internal Reflection112–部分的折射与全反射

Sometimes when you look out a window, you see what is outside as well as your own reflection This is because some light reflects and some light refracts at a surface between two media that have different indices of refraction This phenomenon is called partial reflection and refraction Both reflection and refraction occur, but not equally The amount of each depends on the angle In this case, more light is refracted than reflected, as shown by the thickness of the rays Example: Sun shining on water If the angle of incidence is nearly zero, (i.e., sun is directly overhead) most of the light penetrates the surface and very little is reflected (see fig. A) As the angle of incidence increases (i.e., at sunset), more light is reflected at the surface and less light penetrates the surface to be refracted (see fig. B) Rearview mirrors in most cars have a lever that allows the driver to choose how much light from behind the car will reach their eyes i.e., “Daytime” and “Nighttime” positions The mirrors are not actually flat, but wedge-shaped and silvered on the back Light coming from behind the car hits the mirror at a very small angle of incidence, so most of the light is refracted and reaches the silvered back of the mirror, where it is reflected to the driver’s eyes “Daytime” setting: The light that has reflected off the back of the mirror is directed to the driver’s eyes Allows a clear view of the traffic behind the car At night, this also reflects the headlights of traffic directly into the driver’s eyes “Nighttime” setting: At this angle, most of the light penetrates the mirror glass and is refracted as before However in this case, only a small amount of reflected light is directed to the driver’s eyes Most of the light penetrates the mirror, refracts, hits the silvered back of the mirror, and is reflected away from the driver’s eyes Allows the driver to see the headlights, but at a lower intensity Scuba divers can only see objects on the surface in an area directly ab