水稻产量变化趋势.pptVIP

Feedback control of photosynthesis Rolland et al 2006 ARPB The stomata aperture is regulated through a complex network of signaling pathways, representing a key mechanism of mediating plant responses to environmental change. Shimazaki et al 2007 ARPB /~lubehawk/lflayrs.jpg Shimazaki et al 2007 ARPB O3 CO2 Temperature 1 2 3 1 2 3 Canopy microclimates are highly heterogeneous. We need a mechanistic model The model includes: The plant primary metabolism and its key regulation, water movement through the soil-stem-leaf-atmosphere continuum, nitrogen assimilation etc. H2O and assimilate transport between plant organs Microenvironments inside canopy e-Plant concept e-Plant concept PICB Features of the ePlant model Limited to the plant primary metabolism (photosynthesis, respiration, nitrogen and water uptake and transport) and its key regulation Multiscale (Spatial and temporal) Multiphysics Discrete and continuous processes occur simultaneously A C4 rice could increase rice yield by 30% -50%, double water-use efficiency and use much less fertilizer to achieve those improvements. No other evolutionary mechanism exists that could be added to a C3 rice so as to deliver that superior combination of benefits. C4 RICE C3 Anatomy Change Biochem Change Fine Tuning + + + = C4 Source of Scientific Optimism: Evolutionary Addition to C3 Produces C4? C4 evolved independently 30 times in 18 taxonomic families of angiosperms, and occurs in 8,000 - 10,000 species(*) (*) Hibberd Quick, Nature, 2002 Our projects: C4 photosynthesis model, regulation, and enzyme evolution Conclusions Improving photosynthesis is the key to solve many burning problems in our society Systems biology combined with systems model can help identify new targets to engineer higher photosynthesis. ePlant will dramatically increase our capacity to improve crop productivity. ePlant can be used as a model system to study various concentrations of computational biology. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Vincent Devlo