实用英语写作技巧(共单元).doc

实用英语写?作技巧1．1段落 段落是构成?文章的一组?句子。段落必须表?达完整的意?思：或描写事物?（descr?ibe somet?hing），或争论某事?（argue? about? somet?hing），或对某事提?出疑问（quest?ion somet?hing），或要求什么?（deman?d somet?hing），或给事物下?定义（defin?e somet?hing），或驳斥某观?点（rejec?t somet?hing）。 1．2典型段落? 一个典型的?段落通常由?三部分组成?：（1）主题句（the topic? sente?nce）；（2）说明或支持?主题的推展?句（ suppo?rting? sente?nces）；（3）结论句（the concl?uding? sente?nce）（有些段落没?有该部分）。 示范段落1?-1 We all know that cigar?ette smoki?ng is a dange?rous habit? becau?se it cause?s healt?h probl?ems． Docto?rs say it can be a direc?t cause? of cance?r of the lungs? and throa?t and can also contr?ibute? to cance?r of other? organ?s． In addit?ion， it can bring? about? other? healt?h probl?ems such as heart? and lung disea?ses． It is clear?ly ident?ified? as one of the chief? cause?s of death? in our socie?ty． 1．3示范段落? 这是一个典?型的段落，可概括提纲?如下： 主题句： We all know that cigar?ette smoki?ng is a dange?rous habit?，becau?se it cause?s healt?h probl?ems． 推展句： 1． Docto?rs say it can be a direc? cause? of cance?r of the lungs? and throa?t and can also contr?ibute? to cance?r of other? organ?s． 2． It can bring? about? other? healt?h probl?ems such as heart? and lung disea?ses． 结论句： It is clear?ly ident?ified? as one of the chief? cause?s of death? in our socie?ty． 从以上提纲?可见，主题句提出?了一个问题?： What kind of healt?h probl?ems does cigar?ette smoki?ng cause?？随后的两个?推展句回答?了这个问题?，结论句总结?了推展句并?再一次强调?主题句。 Exerc?ise 1-1 Direc?tions?： Read the follo?wing parag?raphs? and find out the topic? sente?nce， the suppo?rting? detai?ls and the concl?uding? sente?nce， if there? is one． ? （1） ? The need for wildl?ife prote?ction? is great?er now than ever befor?e．About? a thous?and speci?es of anima?ls are in dange?r of extin?ction?,，and the rate at which? they are being? destr?oyed has incre?ased． With mamma?ls， for insta?nce， the rate of extin?ction? is now about? one speci?es every? year； from A． D． 1 to 1800， the ratew?as about? one speci?es every? fifty? years?． Every?where?， men are tryin?g o solve? the probl?em of prese?rving? wildl?