必修二英语语法ppt课件.pptVIP

She has two brothers who are working in the city. (不只两个弟弟) 她有两个弟弟在这个城市工作。 b) She has two brothers, who are working in the city. (只有两个弟弟) 她有两个弟弟，他们在这个城市工作。 Unit 1 Non- Restrictive Attributive Clause 一、如何区分限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 Can you tell the difference between Restrictive and Non-Restrictive Clause? A. In written form（句子式） B. In how close the clause is connected with the main sentence （主从句的关系） Attributive clause: 限制性定语从句 restrictive 非限制性定语从句non-restrictive 是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语， 如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从 句和主句关系十分密切， 写时不用逗号分开。 和主句关系不很密切，只是对先行词作些附加说明， 如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句， 写时往往逗号分开。 I was the only person who was invited. in my office Jenny, with whom I played table tennis yesterday, lives in my next room. The man who came here yesterday has come again. That is Mr. Wang, whose daughter teaches English at a middle school. 注意：引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词不可用that，指人时用who(主语),whom(宾语)，指物时须用which. 关系代词：which / who / whom / whose / as 关系副词：when / where (非限制性定语从句中不用关系词that；非限制性定语从句中关系词不能省略) 以 及： as 二、非限制性定语从句中通常使用下列关系代词和副词。 He gave me a pen he bought yesterday. He gave me a pen, which he bought just now. 关系代词在限制性定语从句中作宾语 时可以省略。 关系代词在非限制性定语从句中不可以 省略。 This is the girl whom/who I met in the street. A young man had a new girl friend, whom he wanted to impress. 关系代词whom在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可用who代替，但在非限制性定语从句中作宾语时不可用who来代替。 which 在非限制性定从句中作宾语,不能省略 He failed in the exam, that made his mother angry. (that不能引导非限制 ) He failed in the exam, which made his mother angry. 小结：限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的六点区别 : 区别一：形式不同 限定性定语从句主句和从句之间不用逗号隔开，口语中使用时也不停顿；而非限定性定语从句与主句之间通常有逗号隔开，口语中使用时有停顿。 区别二：功能不同 限定性定语从句用于对先行词的意义进行修饰、限制和识别，如果去掉，就会造成句意不完整或概念不清；而非限定性定语从句用于对先行词起补充说明作用，如果省略，句意仍然清楚、完整。如： People who take physical exercise live longer. 进行体育锻炼的人活得长些。(若把从句去掉句子就失去意义) His daughter, who is in Boston now, is coming home next week. 他女儿现在在波士顿，下星期回来。(若把从句去句子意义仍然完整) 区别三：翻译不同 在翻译定语从句时，一般把限定性定语从句翻译在它所修饰的先行词之前，而把非限定性定语从句与主句分开。如： He is the man whose car was sto