英音和美音的区别：卷舌 平舌.docxVIP

英音和美音的区别：卷舌 平舌　　why do americans and brits have different accents?　　美国人英国人：口音为什么会不同?　　in 1776, whether you were declaring america independent from the crown orswearing your loyalty to king george iii, your pronunciation would have beenmuch the same. at that time, american and british accents hadnt yet s surprising, though, is that hollywood costume dramas get it all wrong:the patriots and the redcoats spoke with accents that were much closer to thecontemporary american accent than to the queens english。　　1776年，无论是美国人宣布国家独立或英国人宣誓效忠英王乔治三世，人们的发音都大致相同。当时，美国和英国口音尚未分化。然而，令人惊讶的是，好莱坞古装片都搞错了：爱国者美国兵和英国兵(注：美国独立战争时期英国士兵穿红色军上衣)的发音更接近当代美国口音而不是女王时期的标准英语。　　it is the standard british accent that has drastically changed in the pasttwo centuries, while the typical american accent has changed only subtly。　　在过去的两个世纪，标准的英国口音已发生巨大变化，而典型的美国口音则只有微妙改变。　　traditional english, whether spoken in the british isles or the americancolonies, was largely rhotic. rhotic speakers pronounce the r sound in suchwords as hard and winter, while non-rhotic speakers do not. today, however,non-rhotic speech is common throughout most of britain. for example, most modernbrits would tell you its been a hahd wintuh.　　传统英语，无论是在英伦三岛或美国殖民地，其发音大部分都带有“卷舌音” 。带卷舌音的人在说 hard(艰难) 和 winter(冬季)这类词时，总是发出“r”音，而不带卷舌音的人则不然。然而今天，在英国大部分地区，人们说话通常都不带卷舌音。例如，大部分现在英国人会跟你说，这是一个“hahdwintuh(严冬)”。　　it was around the time of the american revolution that non-rhotic speechcame into use among the upper class in southern england, in and around　　to john algeo in the campidge history of the english language(campidge university press, XX)， this shift occurred because people of lowbirth rank who had become wealthy during the industrial revolution were seekingways to distinguishthemselves from other commoners; they cultivated theprestigious non-rhotic pronunc　　iation in order to demonstrate their newupper-class status。　　大约在美国独立战争时期，在伦敦及附近地区，英格兰南部的上层阶级之间开始用非卷舌音讲话。据约翰·艾尔吉奥在《剑桥英语史》(剑桥大学出版社，XX年)的说法，之所以发生这种转变，因为出生于低阶层的人们在工业革命时期已发家致富，他们极力寻求使自己有