FORENSIC PATHOLOGY - Bloodhounds Incorporated：法医病理学-侦探公司.pptVIP

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FORENSIC PATHOLOGY - Bloodhounds Incorporated：法医病理学-侦探公司.ppt

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FORENSIC PATHOLOGY - Bloodhounds Incorporated：法医病理学-侦探公司

FORENSIC PATHOLOGY TOXICOLOGY TOXICOLOGY The three “curses” of mankind: alcohol, morphine and cocaine TOXICOLOGY Forensic Toxicology The study and practice of the application of toxicology to the purposes of law. Identification and quantification of Drugs Poison TOXICOLOGY Collection of Body Fluids Blood Vitreous humor Urine TOXICOLOGY Collection of Tissues Kidneys Liver Bile Muscle Thigh Hair and Nails TOXICOLOGY Collection of Insects Maggots Barbiturates Benzodiazepines Opiates Cocaine TOXICOLOGY Analysis Separation from biological substance Purification of drug by extraction Detection and quantitation GC-Mass Spectrometer Gas chromatograph High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) Immunoassay UV spectrophotometer TOXICOLOGY A positive ID with any but GC-Mass spectrometer cannot confirm analysis of type of drug. TOXICOLOGY Toxicology Screens 1st Screen Lower Alcohols Acetone, isopropyl alcohol, n-propyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol and methyl alcohol TOXICOLOGY Toxicology Screens 2nd Screen Acidic and Neutral Barbiturates, salicylate TOXICOLOGY Toxicology Screen 3rd Screen Basic Tranquilizers, synthetic narcotics (ecstasy) , antihistamines, antidepressants, local anesthetics TOXICOLOGY Toxicology Screen 4th Screen Narcotics Opiates, cocaine and methadone TOXICOLOGY Deaths Most commonly abused drug in US = alcohol 30,000 people/ year die of chronic liver disease Cause of 50% of all MVA TOXICOLOGY Deaths Marijuana is #2 Heroin and cocaine are #3 TOXICOLOGY Ethyl Alcohol Proof – Twice the percentage of alcohol content in a drink 80 proof = 40% alcohol TOXICOLOGY Ethyl Alcohol Beer – 3.2 to 4% Table wine – 7 to 14% Whiskey – 40 to 75% Vodka – 40 to 50% Gin – 40 to 85% Rum – 40 to 95% TOXICOLOGY Ethyl Alcohol Metabolized in liver to Acetylaldehyde Acetic Acid Carbon Dioxide TOXICOLOGY Ethyl Alcohol .08 Impairment of reaction responses, visual acuity and coordination 0.1-0.2 Increasing impairment of reaction times, drowsiness, staggering and slurred speech TOXIC