中国历史文化概况(英文版)unit12religionandphilosophy.pptVIP

导读：中国是个多宗教的国家。中国宗教徒信奉的主要有佛教、道教、伊斯兰教、天主教和基督教，其中佛教和道教的历史源远流长，并对中华文化产生了重要的影响。佛道的融合是中国五千年历史的瑰宝。是中国文化的精髓。道家是中国本土教派，它的成长见证着中国的成长。而中国文字文化的精髓却也离不开佛教的解读，是他们用行动和文字影响了一代又一代的中国人。 Major religions in China are Buddhism, Daoism, Islam and Christianity, including Catholicism and Protestantism. Among these, Buddhism and Daoism have the longest history and have exerted the greatest influence on Chinese culture, historically as well as contemporaneously. Followers of different religions have both national and local organizations in China. The local organizations of different religions also handle their own affairs independently, publish their own journals, and maintain their own religious institutes of higher learning to train new staff and researchers. In accordance with the relevant stipulations in China’s Constitution, religious personages have been elected to the People’ s Congresses and the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conferences at all levels to deliberate on issues concerning national affairs and help to ensure the proper implementation of the policy of freedom of religious beliefs. This contributes great deal to the stability and unity of the country. The state policy on religion has helped to increase the scope of contacts with people of other countries. The past 20 years saw the frequent exchanges between religious circle in China and their counterparts abroad, thus increasing mutual understanding and friendship. Chinese Buddhism?refers collectively to the various schools of?Buddhism?that have flourished in?China?since ancient times. Buddhism has played an enormous role in shaping the mindset of the Chinese people, affecting their aesthetics, politics,?literature,?philosophy and?medicine. The Chinese word?Tao?(or?Dao) is usually translated as way, path or principle, although this usage takes its meaning from reality or nature, which the word Tao can also mean. The proper path in life, says Taoism, is one that works in harmony with reality, the essence