O_RNA加工.ppt

Self-Splicing Some Group I and Group II introns can self-splice in vitro in the absence of proteins (or other RNAs), i.e. they are ribozymes. Each group has a distinctive, semi-conserved secondary structure. Both groups require Mg2+ to fold into a catalytically active ribozyme. Group I introns also require a guanosine nucleotide in the first step. polycistronic transcription and trans-splicing in Trypanosome 复习题 原核和真核的tRNA加工有什么区别？ Ribozyme、自我剪接、选择性剪接、RNA编辑、反式剪接 真核mRNA 加工包括哪些方面？各是通过什么方式完成加工过程的？ 真核内含子有哪几种类型?它们的剪接各有什么特点？ * E.coli 30S pre-RNA (6000nt) Stem-loop RNP 24 base methl Mature rRNAs rRNA processing 16S rRNA 23S rRNA 5S rRNA tRNA tRNA Ⅲ Ⅲ Ⅲ Ⅲ P F P F P E M16 M16 M23 M23 M5 Precursors Mammals 18S rRNA 5.8S rRNA 28S rRNA 47S pre-rRNA (13500nt) RNP 100 site 2’-O-methl snRNP (snoRNP) Mature rRNAs 5S rRNA + ETS1 ITS1 ITS2 ETS2 45S pre-rRNA 41S pre-rRNA 20S+32S pre-rRNA 5.8S - 28S Base pair rRNA processing tRNA processing OH CCA 5’ppp 3’OH 5’ppp CCAOH OH CCAOH II I II I RNase E or F RNaseD RNaseP 真核tRNA processing: 16nt 5’-leader, 14nt intron, Cleave off 5’-leader and two 3’ nucleotides tRNA nucleotidyl transferase，splicing Ribozyme（catalytic RNA） tRNA加工： RNaseP ( one RNA +one protein molecule) 核酸内切酶 (切除5’核苷酸) rRNA self-splicing (Tetrahymena): 需要co-factor(鸟苷或其磷酸衍生物） Virus replication: gennomic RNA (concatameric → momomeric ) 应用：抑制基因表达，病毒复制，癌细胞生长 Bacterial mRNA Animal mRNA 转录单位 多顺反子 单顺反子 起始 RNApol结合DNA RNApol结合DNA 延伸 ~40 nucs/sec ~40 nucs/sec 5’- 三磷酸 甲基化 CAP(m7G) 3’终止方式 终止释放 酶切释放 3’- 最后的碱基 Poly(A)(AAUAA) 转移 无 必要 半衰期 ~5min 4hours~ mRNA processing 5’-capping，3’-cleavage and polyadenylation， splicing and methylation hnRNP and snRNP hnRNP A-U —— hnRNA （pre-mRNA） —— hnRNP proteinsA、B、C（form1 and form2） 功能类似单链结合蛋白，辅助RNA加工 snRNP nucleoplasmic snRNP： —— snRNA（U1、U2、…，rich in