It用法专项总结和训练.docVIP

It的用法专项总结及训练四、作形式主语，替代不定式，ing形式或主语从句　　　　⑴作形式主语替代主语从句1.①. It is clear ( obvious， true， possible， certain....) that ..... 该句型中it 是形式主语，真正的主语是that 引导的主语从句，常译为＂清楚（显然，真的，肯定．．．）＂　是主语从句最常见的一种结构。 　　? It is very clear that he’s round and tall like a tree. = That? he’s round and tall like a tree is very clear. ②4. It is important ( necessary， right， strange， natural...) that ... 该句型和上一个同属一个句型；由于主句中的形容词不同，that 后的从句中要用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should 可以省去，建议记住该句型中的形容词。? It is important that we (should) learn English well. 　　? It is necessary that he (should) remember these words. 2.① It is said (reported/ learned/believed/thought/known/told/hoped.....) that ... 该句型中的it 仍是形式主语，真正主语是that 引导的主语从句；该结构常译为＂据说（据报道，据悉．．．）＂。 　　? It is said that he has come to Beijing. 　　? It is reported that another earth satellite has been put into orbit. ②It is suggested ( ordered /demanded/insisted/commanded... ) that ... 该句型和上一个同属一个句型，主句中的过去分词是表示请求，建议，命令等词时，that　后的从句要用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should 可以省；常译为＂据建议；有命令．．．） 　It is suggested that the meeting ( should ) be put off. 　 It was ordered that we ( should ) arrive there in two hours. 3. ①It is time ( about time ，high time ) that ... 该句型中that 后的从句应该用虚拟语气，值得注意的是① 常用过去时态表示虚拟．② 有时也用should + 动词原形，should 不能省，常译为＂是（正是）．．．的时侯．．．＂ 　　It is time that children should go to bed. = It is time that children went to bed. It is time you bought a new car.It is (high ) time you made up your mind.②It is the first ( second ... ) time that ... 该句型要和上一个句型区别开来，该句型中的 that 从句不用虚拟语气，而用完成时态，。至于用什么完成时态，由主句的谓语动词的时态决定。如果是一般现在时，后面从句用现在完成时态；如果是一般过去时，后面从句则用过去完成时态，该结构中 that 可以省去；it有时用 this 替换．常译为＂是第一（二）．．．次．．．＂。 It is the first time I have been here. = This is the first time I have been here. 4.It is a pity ( a shame /an honour/a good thing/a fact,/a surprise/... ) that ... 该句型中，that后的从句一般用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should可省去．表示出乎意料，常译为＂竟然＂。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。It is a pity that such a thing ( should ) happen in your class. 这种事竟然发生在你们班上，真是遗憾！ 　 It is a pity that he is ill. 他生病了，真遗憾！