教育扩张EduationalExpansion.pptVIP

(F)其他相關論點 Thurow: labor market theory Dore: the diploma disease Thurow’s labor market theory Question: 如果學校所學對工作的實際用處不大，雇主有什麼理由要聘僱更高一級educational level的雇員？ The concept of labor queue Dore: The Diploma Disease Ronald Dore (1976) The Diploma Disease: Education, Qualification and Development 研究日本、肯亞、斯里蘭卡、英國…… 與Collins的論點有極類似之處 但也有重大差異，尤其是針對東亞國家 ---Late Development effect （後發效應？） Dore: The Diploma Disease (續) Dore uses the terms “qualification escalation” (or “qualification spiral”) to describe the same process of certificate devaluation, and educational expansion, too: “The paradox of the situation is that the worse the educated unemployment situation gets and the more useless educational certificates become, the stronger grows the pressure for an expansion of educational facilities. ……….” Dore: The Diploma Disease (續) “…… if you find that your junior secondary certificate does not get you one (modern-sector job), there is nothing to be done except to press on and try to get a senior secondary certificate, and if that doesn’t work to press on to the university…… The mechanism of ‘qualification escalation’ ensures that once one is in the modern-sector-qualification range, the higher the educational qualification one gets the better one’s chances of getting some job.” ? 一樣的「競爭導致教育擴張、文憑貶值」論點 Dore: The Diploma Disease (續) Compare ? 兩人用詞不同 ，但所指現象與含意極相似: Collins - credentialism Dore – qualificationism Compare ?兩人所提供的解釋亦稍有不同 : Collins – status competition between groups Dore – special context in late development countries! 簡化Dore 的解釋：(a)後進/後發國家在資源不足的情況下辦學，以及(b) 受教育者面臨二元的勞動市場……… Dore: The Diploma Disease (續) According to Dore, a late developer --- a country which started its developing process later, has the need to catch up fast “by importing knowledge and skills in formal educational packages” and by importing “the latest technology……”(p.72). Therefore, in these societies there is a tendency for dualism in which modern, formal sector is clearly dis