英语单项知识讲解和练习(35).docVIP

英语单项知识的讲解与练习（35）171、Whatever的用法 （1）、whatever, whoever, no matter，what 等引起的从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词用may +动词原形。如： Come what may, we will go ahead 不管发生什么情况，我都要干下去。 whatever, however 等引导的从句如指的是一个过去的动作，may 后用完成式。如：You mustn’t be proud，however much you may have achieved不管你有多大的成绩都不应该骄傲。（2）、whatever和no matter what引导状语从句时可互换；引导名词性从句时，只能用whatever，不能用no matter what。（3）、用作疑问词构成以加强语气时，只能用whatever；其它疑问词构成的类似词语用法与此相同。（4）、whatever = anything that语气很强，侧重泛指,引导名词性从句，意为“凡是……的事物”，与关系代词what = something that或everything that(侧重特指)用法相似，都是无先行词的关系代词，即它们都含有关系代词和先行词，但whatever比what更强调一些；whatever从句在句中可做主语、宾语、宾语补足语，what从句可做主语、宾语、表语；whatever还可引导状语从句 = No matter what happens, I’ll stay here.who引导的从句表示一种“情况”或一件“事情”； whoever引导的从句则表示“任何……的人”， whoever = anybody who；如： Whoever comes is welcome.练习：①It is generally considered unwise to give a child ___ he or she wants.A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever ②I’ll follow you, ___ you go. A. where B. no matter where C. whatever D. no matter what ③Many places are flooded by heavy rainfalls, so they can’t walk ___ they like these days. A. where B. wherever C. whatever D. whenever ④ The poor young man is ready to accept ___ help he can get. A. whichever B. however C. whatever D. whenever172、when的用法 (1)、when 当等立连词，强调动作的突然性。when = and then 或just at that time。如：I was taking a walk when I came across an old friend of mine.(2)、when引导的疑问句不用现在完成时。(3)、when可作“如果、要是”讲。如：How can you hope for mercy when you show none?(4)、当从句中的动词表示一种时间变化时，不可用when替换as。如：As it was getting late, we were walking faster.(5)、whenever和always意义重复，不可用于一个句子中。Whenever possible是时间状语从句whenever it was possible的省略式。(6)、以when, while, if等引导的状语从句中，如果谓语动词含有be，而主语又与主句主语保持一致或主语是it，那么从句中的主语和动词be可省。如：He was fond of swimming when (he was) yet a child.(7)、when的用法： 1）、既然：Why walk there when you can ride a bike? 2）、如果、假如：Turn off the electricity when anything goes wrong with the machine. 3）、虽然、然而：She walks when she might take a taxi. 4）、一……就：I will tell him about it when he comes ba