2014高考英语法复习专题精讲精练动词和动词短语.docVIP

一、动词的分类种类语法意义按性质分类实义动词及物和不及物表示动作或状态，在句中独立做谓语。及物动词后须跟宾语；不及物动词不跟宾语，要跟宾语时要加介词。—What did you think of her speech? —She ______for one hour but didnt _____ much.A. spoke; speak B. spoke; say C. said; speak D. said; say【解析】答案为B。speak作不及物动词，意为“说、发言、演讲”；speak作及物动词时意为“讲某种语言”；say 作及物动词，意为“说、讲”，后接宾语。句意：她讲了一个小时，但并没有说出多少（事）。连系动词本身有一定的词义，不能独立做谓语，须与表语一起构成复合谓语。连系动词可以细分为①表示“是”的be动词，根据主语有各种形式；②表示“感觉”的连系动词。如：look, feel, smell, taste, sound等；③表示“变得、变成”的连系动词。如become, turn, get, grow, go, fall, come等；④表示“结果”的连系动词。如turn out, prove等；⑤表示“仍然”的连系动词。如remain, stand, stay, keep等；⑥表示“似乎、好像”的连系动词。如seem, appear, look等。Emergency line operators must always _____ calm and make sure that they get all the information they need to send help. A. grow B. appear C. become D. stay【解析】答案为D。become, grow表示状态的变化，stay calm 保持冷静，沉着。注意：绝大多数连系动词又是实义动词，在解题时要正确区分,否则就会出错。 good, the food has been sold out.A. Tasted B. Having been Tasted C. Tasting D. To taste【解析】答案为C。本题考生如果把taste当成实义动词去理解的话，就会误选A或B。其实taste在本句中是连系动词，应该选C才对=Because the food tastes good,…。助动词本身无词义，不能独立作谓语。用来表示否定，疑问，时态等语法形式。助动词（与动词原形或分词构成复合谓语），常见的有：be(am, is, are),do(does, did);have(has);will, would, shall情态动词本身有一定意义，只能和实义动词一起构成谓语。没有人称和数的变化，常用来表示说话人的语气和情态。常见的有can(could),may(might),must, shall(should)按时限分类延续性和非延续性动词动作可以延续，可以与一段时间连用。如：live, study, work, stay, keep, have…The evening news comes on at Seven o clock and ________ only thirty minutes.A. keeps B. continues C. finishes D. lasts【解析】答案为答案为D。根据后面的时间状语“only thirty minutes” 先排除“finish”为瞬间动词；keep“保留，保存”；continue意为“继续”； last“持续，继续”，根据题意“晚间新闻每天7：00开始，持续30分钟。”可知，正确选项为D。二、动词短语的构成结 构例 题动词+副词①Don’t be so discouraged. If you such feelings, you will do better next time.A. carry on B. get back C. break down D. put away【解析】答案为D。carry on意为“开展、进行”；get back意为“取回，拿回”；break down意为“分解、崩溃”。put away除了有“把……收起、放好”的意思外还有“储存、抛弃、放弃”的意思。句意：别那么垂头丧气的。如果你抛弃这种情绪（而振作起来），下次你就会做得更好。②I was still sleeping when the fire _________,and then it s