英语学案：UnitPeriodTwoLearning about Language（新人教版必修6）.DOCVIP

Period Two　Learning about Language虚拟语气(一)虚拟语气表示所说的话不是事实，而是一种愿望、建议或者与事实相反的假设等，一般常用于正式的书面语中。1．与现在事实相反的条件句虚拟语气在条件句中共有三种情况：与现在的事实相反；与过去的事实相反；与将来的事实相反。本单元只练习与现在的事实相反的条件句，其谓语动词的形式如下：if条件从句主句动词的过去式(be的过去式用were)would (should，could，might)＋动词原形If I were you，I would not be so proud.如果我是你，我不会如此自负。I don’t have a cellphone.If I had one，it would be convenient for me to get in touch with others.我没有手机。如果我有的话，同别人联系就方便了。2．虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法在动词wish，suggest，insist，demand，order，request(要求)，require(需要)等动词后的宾语从句中，一般用虚拟语气。除wish外，其他动词后的宾语从句中一般用should＋动词原形，或省略should。(1)wish＋宾语从句，从句中的动词有三种形式：①过去时(be用were)，表示与现在事实相反；②过去完成时，表示与过去事实相反；③would/could＋动词原形，表示与将来事实可能相反。I wish we students had more free time to relax ourselves.要是我们学生有多一点时间放松就好了。I failed in the exam.How I wish I had passed the exam.我没有通过考试。要是通过了就好了。I wish I could go to attend his birthday party this weekend，but I will be busy at that time.周末要是能参加他的生日聚会就好了，可是那时我太忙了。(2)suggest等动词＋宾语从句，从句中用should＋动词原形，或把should省略。Mother insists that we (should) go to bed at 9 o’clock.母亲坚持要我们九点钟睡觉。We suggested that the meeting (should) not be held.我们坚持不举行会议。Our teacher ordered that all (should) take part in the work.老师下令所有的人都要参加这项工作。注意：①suggest表示“暗示”，“表明”时，后面从句中不用虚拟语气。如：His pale face suggests that he is ill today.他脸色苍白，这表明今天他病了。②insist表示“坚持说”时，后面的从句不用虚拟语气。She insisted that he had stolen her bike.她坚持说他偷了她的自行车。③在would rather后的宾语从句中，谓语常用过去时来表示对现在或将来情况的虚拟表达，用过去完成时表示对过去情况的虚拟表达。He would rather she had worked hard.他宁愿她努力工作。I would rather he didn’t know me.我宁愿他不认识我。3．虚拟语气在主语从句中的用法在“It＋is＋adj./某些动词的过去分词＋主语从句”的结构中，从句的谓语动词用(should)＋do的形式。这些形容词包括：decided(决定的)，important(重要的)，ordered(命令的)等。It is strange that he should know me.太奇怪了，他竟然认识我。It is highly desirable that a new mayor be appointed for this city.人们渴望给这个城市任命一位新市长。It is necessary that we should learn English well.我们学好英语是很必要的。从以上的各类从句中我们可以发现：当一个动词后面的宾语从句中要使用(should)＋do的虚拟语气的形式时，则可推理出用法相同的一组从句。以动词advise为例：I advise that we stay here.(动词后的宾语从句)It is advisable that we stay here.(It is＋由该动词转换的形容词＋that引导的主语从句)My advice is that w