步进电机调速系统的设计与实现.docx

目 录摘 要 1ABSTRACT 2第1章 绪论 11.1课题研究的目的和意义 11.2国内外研究概况 11.3本文主要内容 2第2章 步进电机系统设计方案 32.1步进电机的概述 32.2步进电机的驱动方式论证 32.3 步进电机运行控制 7第3章 系统硬件设计 103.1主控芯片介绍 103.2驱动电路 123.3稳压管设计 143.4显示电路设计 143.5按键设计 16第4章 系统软件设计 174.1主程序设计 174.2按键子程序 18第5章 系统仿真与调试 195.1系统的仿真 195.2系统的调试 20总 结 21参考文献 22致 谢 23附 录 24摘 要步进电机有启动快、步进精确、定位准等特点。随着现在自动化的需求，步进电机的应用已经非常广泛，在现在的自动化工厂中，起着重要的作用。利用Proteus软件，进行电路的搭建和仿真。以单片机为核心通过连接外围电路组成控制步进电机调速的控制系统，通过方向信号，改变步进电机的旋转方向，调节频率，从而改变速度。本文通过介绍驱动电路，从中选择驱动方式，从而实现步进电机的细分驱动功能，确定步进电机的运行方式，并详细介绍了细分驱动电流的计算方法，细分能使步进电机的运行更稳定可靠，减少运行噪音。其中驱动电路的核心是以TB6560AHQ芯片搭建的电路，转速能达到五个级别的调速范围，最高转速能达到500多转。最后进行仿真，然后画出相对应的PCB板进行焊接，完成相应的实物。整个设计思路还是比较简单，操作容易，成本也比较低。关键词： 步进电机；单片机；细分驱动ABSTRACTThe step motor has the characteristics of starting fast, stepping in precise and positioning, and the application of stepping motor is very extensive with the demand of automation. It plays an important role in todays automated factories.This article USES Proteus software to build and simulate circuits. With the single chip processor as the core by connecting the peripheral circuit, control system, through the direction of the signal, adjust the electricity order of stepper motor windings, and transform the direction of rotation of the stepper motor. The purpose of controlling the speed of the motor is achieved by controlling the speed of the frequency. By driving circuit, also can achieve the function of stepping motor subdivision driver, this paper also introduces in detail the calculation method of subdivision drive current, segmentation can make step motor running more stable and reliable, greatly reducing the noise. The core of the drive circuit is the circuit of the TB6560AHQ chip, which can speed up to five levels, and the maximum speed can reach over 500. Finally, the PCB board is drawn and the corresponding material is completed. In comparison, the whole design idea is simple, easy to operate and low cost.Key words: stepper motor, mcu, subdivided driving 第1章 绪论步进电机有很多其他电机所没有的功能，现在已经是全球的第三类的电机了，是