9 动 及 静.pptVIP

在这短短的十几年内，我们国家发展得这么快，使人民高兴，世界瞩目。（《邓小平文选》） In the short span of the last dozen years, the rapid development of our country has delighted the people and attracted world attention. ? 动 与 静 英语是形合句，主谓提携机制是核心。动词的使用是受到限定的，通常全句中只能有一个动词作谓语，而句子其它所有成分，包括动作的表现，都需要静态的手段。因此，英语呈静态，名词在英语中占优势，名词的优势导致了介词的伴随优势，同时，形容词也广泛使用。 汉语是意合句，动词的使用不受任何限制，动词非常活跃，可以连用，也可以广泛代替名词，句子呈动态。 英语的静态倾向表现 We are enemies of all wars, but above all of dynastic wars. 我们反对一切战争,特别是反对王朝战争. No wonder the sight of it should send the memories of quite a number of people of the old generation back 36 years ago. 难怪老一辈的许多人见了这个就会想到36年前的往事. You are all clock-watchers today. 你们今天老是看着钟表等待下班啊！ Since he lost his job, he’s been a loner. 他失业后就很不合群了。 He is a young and rapid writer. 他是一个笔头快的年轻人。 名词化是英语常见的现象。 名词化（nominalization）主要是指用名词来表达原来属于动词（或形容词）所表达的概念，如用抽象名词来表达动作，行为，变化，状态，品质，情感等概念。 词缀 名词化可以使行文和表意都更为准确简洁，也便于表达较为复杂的思想内容。 即使我们将普通食盐溶于水，也不能改变其化学状态。 Even though we dissolve the salt in water, we cannot enable common salt to change its chemical properties. Even the dissolution in water cannot enable common salt to change its chemical properties. 如贵方能在五月份之前将详细规格航邮我方,我方将确保六月船期. If you can airmail us detailed specifications before May, we can make shipment in June without failure. Detailed specifications airmailed before May will ensure June shipment. The effect of the overuse of nouns in writing is the placing of too much strain upon the verbs and resultant prevention of movement of the thought. One who overuses nouns in writing places too much strain upon the verbs and as a result prevents the thought from moving along. 过于名词化也会使语言抽象，难解。句子缺乏活力和生气。 名词优势造成介词优势 by train 乘火车 against the proposal 反对这项提议 around the center 围绕中心 off shore 离岸 for principal unity 主张有原则的团结 in the rain 淋着雨 beyond my abilit