钾代谢障碍 酸碱平衡紊乱幻灯片课件.pptVIP

Disorders of Potassium Metabolism Outline Normal potassium metabolism and regulation Hypokalemia Hyperlalemia Case discussion 1. the total potassium of body : intracellular: 98％（140-160mmol/L） extracellular：2％（3.5-4.5mmol/L） 2.potassium presents in the food, such as milk, peanut potatoes, salt substitute. Potassium excrete pathway: kidney through urine: 90％ Stool (feces): 10％ Sweat normal serum potassium: 3.5-5.5mmol/L balance between intra- and extracellular K+ normal: 15 h 3.regulation of potassium homeostasis Transcellular transfer Renal regulation (1) Potassium transcellular transfer Pump-leak mechanism factors: Potassium concentration in ECF Acid-base balance Insulin Catecholamine Osmolarity Exercise Total body potassium (2). Renal regulation for potassium excretion Glomerular filtration Reabsorption by the proximal tubule and the loop of Henle Regulation of potassium excretion in the distal and collecting tubules Sodium-potassium ATP ase Permeability of luminal membrane for potassium Reabsorption in collecting tubules Hydrogen-potassium ATP ase-proton pump Mechanism of potassium excretion in distal and collecting tubules: Influencing factors of potassium excretion in distal and collecting tubules: Potassium concentration in ECF Aldosterone Distal flow rate Acid-base balance (3) Potassium excretion in colon The same as the excretion in kidney 4.physiological function of potassium maintain cellular metabolism maintain cellular resting membrane potential regulate the osmolarity and acid-base balance Disorder of potassium metabolism Normal serum potassium: 3.5-5.5mmol/L Hypokalemia Hyperkalemia 5.influencing facter of potassium homeostasis acidosis alkalosis hypoxia serum insulin serum damage of cells [K+] ADS [K+] catabolism anabolism distal flow rate distal flow rate 1. Definition :