教育心理学 Chapter 1 1113.ppt

* An introduction to educational psychology: Behaviorism and Cognitive Psychology 1.1 Introduction The process of education is one of the most important and complex of all human endeavours. The psychological framework of this book: social constructivism Each individual constructs his or her own reality and therefore learns different things in very different ways. Babies are born into social worlds, come to develop a concept of self as a result of their social interactions with others, and increasingly employ language to make sense of that social world and to help them play an effective part within it. To help language teachers to make connections between the different aspects of the learning process and to make informed decisions about what to do in the classroom. 1.2 Educational psychology Definition of Educational Psychology: The application of psychology to education by focusing on the development, evaluation and application of theories and principles of learning and instruction that can enhance lifelong learning. Limitation of the definition: It lacks a recognition of learning and education. Learning is part of the process of education. Many learning activities are not necessarily educative. Teachers should maintain a continuous process of personal reflection. awareness practice 1.3 Approaches to educational psychology The search for the “scientific method” of educational psychology in the late 19th century: Study on observable behavior Study on human psych The positivist school Cognitive psychology *