镁合金表面熔滴涂覆铝涂层的分析-analysis of aluminum coating on magnesium alloy surface by droplet coating.docxVIP

1 1 山东科技大学硕士学位论文 摘要 摘 要 镁及镁合金具有密度小、比强度、比刚度高、抗电磁干扰屏蔽能力强、阻尼减震性 能好、易于机械加工及易于回收等优点，在航空航天、汽车、电子、核工业、石油化工 设备等领域具有广泛的应用前景。但是，镁合金的强度硬度低，耐腐蚀性能差，导致其 应用受到了限制。各种表面改性技术被尝试用于提高镁合金表面性能，成为研究热点。 本文针对镁合金表面性能差的问题，采用物理气相沉积、热喷涂、熔滴涂覆方法， 在镁及镁合金表面成功制备了镁和铝涂层，利用光学显微镜，扫描电镜，电子探针，显 微硬度计，电化学工作站等分析手段，研究了涂层形成过程和机理，以及对硬度和腐蚀 性的影响。 通过真空蒸镀，能在低纯度的镁表面得到一层高纯度镁沉积层，沉积层的晶粒呈长 柱状且近似平行，硬度没有明显改变。沉积层的纯度得到提高且晶粒细小从而使其耐蚀 性得到了改善。 利用电弧喷涂的方法在镁合金AM60表面制备了纯铝涂层，该涂层表面粗糙不均匀， 涂层厚度较大，与基体间的界面平直，未发生成分扩散。涂层腐蚀性明显改善，但硬度 较基体有所降低。 熔滴涂覆是借助液滴自身携带的热量将基体表面重熔一薄层，并迅速扩散凝固，可 以避免激光熔覆等方法因热量集中造成的液相混溶，导致涂层成分与涂覆材料发生较大 偏离的现象。利用自制的设备进行熔滴涂覆，在Mg、AZ91基体表面上制备了Al、Al-Si 合金涂层。涂层与基体之间形成了一层厚度约10μm的过渡层，主要由Mg-Al、Mg-Si等化 合物组成。涂层硬度及耐蚀性能较基体都有显著提高。对熔滴涂覆过程进行分析，认为 熔滴与基体的热作用时间短，抑制了元素扩散和界面迁移，快速凝固后得到了理想的涂 层。 关键词：镁合金；表面改性；熔滴涂覆 山东科技大学硕士学位论文Ab 山东科技大学硕士学位论文 Abstract Abstract Because of the good properties , such as low density, high specific strength and specific strength, excellent ability of Anti-electromagnetic interference shielding and Shock absorber damping, excellent mechanical and physical properties. Magnesium and Magnesium alloys are widely used in the fields of aerospace, automobile, electronics, nuclear industry and petrochemical industry. But the low strength and hardness, poor corrosion resistance make their applications limited in many areas. Now , more and more surface treatment technology have been used in the Surface treatment of magnesium and magnesium alloys. In order to overcome the application problem, we preparated the coating on the surface of magnesium and magnesium alloys successfully by the method of physical vapor deposition, thermal spray technology and droplet coating . The hardness and the corrosion resistence of the coating were investigated by optical microscope , scanning electronic microscope , electronprobe microanalysis , microscopic hardness meter and electrochemical system. The high-purity magnesium-layer can be obtained on the surface of the pure magnesium by vacuum deposition. Comparing to the matrix , the grain of the coating is