肺结核与胸腔积液ppt课件.ppt

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 渗出液中的pH和葡萄糖的意义 pH 7.30 exudate ：empyema, complicated parapneumonic effusion, chronic rheumatoid pleurisy, esophageal rupture, malignancy, tuberculous pleurisy, lupus pleuritis transudate： Urinothorax Glucose= 0 mg/dL only empyema or rheumatoid pleurisy pH 7.00 : only empyema pH 7.30, glucose 60 mg/dL, LDH 1,000 U/L : complicated parapneumonic effusion/empyema, rheumatoid pleurisy, and pleural paragonimiasis 当胸液是胸片上唯一的异常时 infections (tuberculous and viral pleurisy) malignancy (cancer, non-Hodgkins lymphoma, and leukemia) pulmonary embolism drug-induced lung disease benign asbestos pleural effusion lymphatic abnormalities (chylothorax and yellow nail syndrome) uremic pleurisy constrictive pericarditis hypothyroidism 时间 1年的胸腔积液 trapped lung yellow nail syndrome lymphangiectasia Noonans syndrome (chylothorax) rarely： rheumatoid pleurisy and malignancy yellow nail syndrome yellow nails (89%) lymphedema (80%) pleural effusion (36%) hyperinflation CT demonstrates bronchiectasia, bronchial wall thickening (arrows) and bronchiolitis 双侧胸腔积液 transudates congestive heart failure nephrotic syndrome hypoalbuminemia peritoneal dialysis constrictive pericarditis Exudates malignancy (extrapulmonic primary carcinomas, lymphoma) lupus pleuritis yellow nail syndrome. 合并肺间质疾病时 congestive heart failure rheumatoid arthritis asbestos-induced disease lymphangitic carcinomatosis lymphangioleiomyomatosis viral and mycoplasma pneumonias Waldenstr?ms macroglobulinemia Sarcoidosis Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. lymphangioleiomyomatosis The primary characteristic is the presence of thin-walled cysts homogeneously distributed vary in number,size,shape dyspnea , pneumothorax , frequent cough , chylothorax , hemoptysis , ascites , pericardial effusion , chyloptysis , chyluria 合并肺多发性结节 most common causes ： metastat