多恩布什《宏观经济学》第10版 第9章 收入和支出.pptVIP

国内外经典教材名师讲堂;　　 9.1 本章要点　　●在最基本的总需求模型中，支出决定产出与收入，但产出与收入也决定支出。特别是消费取决于收入，增加消费使总需求增加，因而也增加产出。（In the most basic model of aggregate demand, spending determines output and income, but output and income also spending. In particular, consumption depends on income, but increased consumption increases aggregate demand and therefore output.）;　　●增加自发支出所增加的产出，大于1：1，换言之，存在着一种乘数效应。（Increases in autonomous spending increase output more than one for one. In other words, there is a multiplier effect.）　　●乘数的大小取决于边际消费倾向与税率。（The size of the multiplier depends on the marginal propensity to consume and