认知行为疗法对adhd儿童的干预效果分析-analysis of the effect of cognitive behavioral therapy on adhd children.docxVIP
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认知行为疗法对adhd儿童的干预效果分析-analysis of the effect of cognitive behavioral therapy on adhd children
中文摘要注意力缺陷多动障碍(Attentiondeficithyperactivitydisorder,ADHD)是一种儿童时期发病的精神类疾病,共分为三种亚型,包括注意缺陷型、多动—冲动型和混合型。本研究共分为两个部分,第一部分为乌鲁木齐市头屯河区ADHD流行病学调查。主要采用DSM-IV诊断卷和家庭情况调查表对头屯河区三所小学进行ADHD筛查,并探讨影响其发病的主要因素。第二部分选择三种亚型共6名ADHD儿童进行团体治疗。本研究在以往认知-行为疗法的基础上增加了基础认知训练,因此整个训练分为两个阶段。第一阶段为基础认知训练(注意力基础训练)共计15次,主要从视觉和听觉两方面入手。第二阶段自我控制训练(问题解决训练)共计7次,主要锻炼儿童“先思后行”的能力。采用数字化消测验,Conners教师及家长问卷,Vanderbilt教师及家长问卷,在治疗前、第一阶段治疗完成后、第二阶段治疗完成后对患儿进行评定,通过患儿治疗各期前后评定对比,探讨增加基础注意力训练的认知行为疗法对ADHD儿童的治疗效果及对不同性别、亚型的疗效特点。结果如下:(1)DSM-IV问卷中ADHD的检出率为11.3%,以注意缺陷型为主,男性高于女性,比例为1.9:1,且年龄差异不显著。(2)父母的文化程度与DSM-IV问卷中ADHD检出率有关,文化程度越高,检出率越低。(3)采用增加基础认知训练后的认知行为疗法对三种亚型的ADHD儿童的核心症状具有显著的改善作用。(4)采用增加基础认知训练后的认知行为疗法对混合型儿童治疗效果最好,多动-冲动型效果其次,注意力缺陷型效果最差。(5)采用增加基础认知训练后的认知行为疗法对男性患儿治疗效果比女性患儿治疗效果更好。关键词ADHD儿童;认知行为疗法;基础注意力训练;问题解决训练AbstractAttentiondeficithyperactivitydisorder(Attentiondeficithyperactivitydisorder,ADHD)isachildhoodonsetofmentalillness,isdividedintothreesubtypes,predominantlyInattentivetype、hyperactive—impulsivetype、combinedtype.Thestudyisdividedintotwoparts;thefirstpartisADHDepidemiologicalinvestigationofUrumqiToutunhe.TheADHDscreeningmainlyusingfamilysituationquestionnaireandDSM-IVquestionnaireinthreeprimaryschoolsofToutunhe,andexplorethemainfactorsaffectingthedisease.ThesecondpartischoiceofthreesubtypesofADHDchildrenweresixstudentsasatreatmentgroups.Thestudybasedonpreviouscognitive-behavioraltherapy,increaseinthebasiccognitivetraining,sothetrainingisdividedintotwostages.Thefirststageisbasedcognitivetraining(basictrainingforattention)atotalof15times,mainlyfromthevisualandauralaspects.Thesecondstageofself-controltraining(problem-solvingtraining)atotalofseventimes,themainexerciseforchildrenthecapabilityof“firstthoughtunderwent.UseofNumberCancelTest,ConnersParentRatingScaleandConnersTeacherRatingScale,VanderbiltADHDParentRatingScaleandVanderbiltADHDTeacherRatingScaleinbeforetreatment,aftercompletionofthefirstphaseoftreatment,afterthecompletionofthesecondphaseoftreatmentwereassessedinchildren.ThroughcomparingeachperiodTreatmentofchildrenass
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