句子成分 改.pptVIP

主语 2. 谓语 3. 宾语 4. 表语 * * 句 子 成 分 Members of a Sentence ●英语句子的构成也有其特定的规律，掌握了句子的基本句型、常见句式和词语的习惯搭配，就能写出完整、正确的句子。 一个主谓结构就是一个句子。通常，主语和谓语是句子必不可少的两个组成部分，祈使句可省略主语。 *句子成分由词或词组充当 英语的基本成分有七种：________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________和_________________________ 主语（subject）、 谓语（predicate）、 表语（predicative）、 宾语（object）、 定语（attribute）、 状语(adverbial) 补语（complement）。 表示句子说的是“什么人” 或 “什么事”。 通常由名词、代词、主语从句或动名词短语等充当。 例如： 1. My teacher hates telling lies.（指老师这个人） 2. Great changes have taken place in China in the past thirty years. （所发生的事情— 很多大的变化） Lucy is an American girl. We study in No.1 Middle School. The classroom is very clean. Three plus five equals eight. To teach them English is my job. 说明主语“做什么” “是什么” 或 “怎么样”。 通常由动词或动词短语结合时态、语态、语气等充当。 要弄清两个概念： 及物动词：后面直接接宾语的动词； 不及物动词：后面不能直接接宾语的动词。 例如： 1. Children like playing games. 2. They were talking about a new film. He has a toothache. We study hard. We have finished the job. He can speak English. 表示动作、行为的对象，由名词、代词或相当于名词的词或短语等充当。 一般在谓语之后。 　 例如： 1. She has finished doing the experiment. 2. We like English and are good at it. All of us like him. He’s playing soccer. Can I ask some questions? She is playing the piano now. He often helps me. Lucy likes to sleep in the open air. We enjoy living in China. 与系动词连用，一起构成谓语，说明主语的性质特征等。 常由名词、代词、形容词、数词、短语或从句等充当。 例如： 1. Her grandfather is an engineer. 2. The two countries were at war then. 3. The fact seems that he didn’t notice the car. 系动词分两类：be, look, keep, seem等，表情况；get, grow, become, turn等属另一类，表变化。 be 本身没有意义,只起连系作用。 其它系动词仍保持其部分词义。 感官动词多可用作连系动词：look well/面色好, sound nice/听起来不错,feel good/感觉好，smell bad/难闻 5. 定　语 用来修饰名词或代词。由形容词、代词、数词、名词、介词短语不定式或相当于形容词的词或短语等充当。 　　 定语的位置很灵活，凡有名词、代词的地方都可以有定语。 What’s your name, please? She’s a good basketball player. The girl behind the tree is my sister. The little boy gave me a big apple. The black bike is mine. They made paper flower. 6. 状　语