血管内皮细胞与心血管疾病ppt课件.ppt

Nitric Oxide Nitric oxide is the most important intrinsic vasodilator. In addition to its vasodilatory action, nitric oxide also plays an important role in preventing cell adhesion such as VCAM (Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule) and platelet aggregation. It also inhibits lipid oxidation and decreases monocyte migration which essentially make it an anti-atherogenic substance. It also inhibits cellular growth and migration. Due to its effect on scavenging superoxide anions, it carries the property of an essential endogenous anti-oxidant substance. Due to its anti-inflammatory property, it prevents generation of thrombosis and arteriosclerosis. Bradykinin [生化]缓激肽,血管舒缓激肽 内皮细胞能合成、释放多种促进血小板聚集及血栓形成的因子 每个内皮细胞大约可结合10‘分子肝素，浓集在内皮细胞表面的肝素 大约增加2 000 倍 ，thrombin2activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor 　尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活物 血管的异质性使得不同的组织、甚至同一血管的不同节段，对相同的病理生理刺激产生完全不同的反应，保证机体在整体上的协调，维持内环境的相对稳定。 该作者认为这些差别的原因可能是这些EC来源不同。 EC不同的形态结构也就决定了它不同的生理功能和代谢特征。 目前尚不清楚这些差别究竟因为培养ECs的种属不同或同一品系受试ECs的取材部位不同[7]。 因而认为传代次数和培养时间是导致这些基因表达出现差异的重要因素 Mason 等比较了HUVEC 和皮肤微血管内皮细胞(DMEC) 对蛋白激酶的响应，发现在蛋白激酶激活后这两种内皮细胞在胞间黏附分子、血管细胞黏附分子和E - 选择素上有异质性。 如高ECs没有vWF抗原抗血清染色,但淋巴结门动脉和门静脉管腔表面的vWF抗原呈阳性着色。这一特性与小动脉、微血管和小静脉对vWF抗原的反应一致。 Endothelium Contents : (Enumerate the benefits of healthy endothelium as listed in this slide). Contents : As discussed earlier in the presentation, normal endothelium maintains vascular tone, retards adhesion of platelets and leukocytes, and inhibits smooth muscle growth and blocks accumulation of LDL-C in the vessel walls. When CVD risk factors are present, the balance is tipped toward vascular constriction and accompanying hypertension, cell adhesion and thrombosis, smooth muscle growth, and lipid accumulation. Thus the transition from normal to abnormal endothelium under the risk factors like hypertension, diabetes, smoking, increased LDL-C; leads to vasoconstriction, SMC migration and growth and