毕业设计论文自动避障寻迹小车硬件设计.docVIP

PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT II 西安工业大学 本科毕业设计(论文) 题目：自动避障寻迹小车硬件设计 摘 要 本系统以AT89S52单片机为控制核心，利用红外对管检测行驶轨道的黑线引导线实现寻迹功能，用超声波模块实现避障检测。采用直流电机驱动小车的后轮，用一个转向电机控制小车的前轮。利用舵机控制小车的行驶方向，采用PWM技术调节占空比以此来控制电机的转速，使小车实现自动寻迹避障的功能。行驶时间、速度、里程的显示用一块1602LCD。 关键词：AT89S52单片机；红外对管；超声波；PWM技术；寻迹；避障；1602LCD Automatic Obstacle Avoidance Car Tracing Hardware Design Abstract The system is controlled by AT89S52 single-chip microcomputer. It uses infrared tube to detect the black guide line on the running track so as to realize the tracing function, and it uses ultrasonic module to detect obstacle avoidance. The rear wheels of the car are drived by DC motor and the front wheels of the car are controlled by a steering?motor. The driving direction of the car is controlled by Servo. It adopted PWM technology to adjust the?duty?cycle so as to control the speed of the motor and realize the function of automatic tracing and obstacle avoidance. The travel time, speed and mileage are displayed on the 1602LCD. Key Words: AT89S52 MCU；Infrared Tube；Ultrasonic Wave；PWM Technology； Tracing;Obstacle Avoidance;1602LCD 目录 TOC \o 1-3 \h \z \u HYPERLINK \l _Toc 1 绪论 PAGEREF _Toc \h 1 HYPERLINK \l _Toc 1.1 前言 PAGEREF _Toc \h 1 HYPERLINK \l _Toc 1.2 课题研究的背景及意义 PAGEREF _Toc \h 1 HYPERLINK \l _Toc 1.2.1 题目背景 PAGEREF _Toc \h 1 HYPERLINK \l _Toc 1.2.2 研究意义 PAGEREF _Toc \h 1 HYPERLINK \l _Toc 1.3课题研究的主要内容及技术指标 PAGEREF _Toc \h 2 HYPERLINK \l _Toc 1.3.1主要内容 PAGEREF _Toc \h 2 HYPERLINK \l _Toc 1.3.2硬件设计主要要求 PAGEREF _Toc \h 2 HYPERLINK \l _Toc 2 系统方案论证与设计 PAGEREF _Toc \h 3 HYPERLINK \l _Toc 2.1系统方案论证与设计 PAGEREF _Toc \h 3 HYPERLINK \l _Toc 2.1.1控制器模块论证与选择 PAGEREF _Toc \h 3 HYPERLINK \l _Toc 2.1.2电机驱动模块论证与选择 PAGEREF _Toc \h 4 HYPERLINK \l _Toc 2.1.3电源模块论证与选择 PAGEREF _Toc \h 5 HYPERLINK \l _Toc 2.1.4寻迹模块选择与论证 PAGEREF _Toc \h 5 HYPERLINK \l _Toc 2.1.5避障模块论证与选择 PAGEREF _Toc \h 5 HYPERLINK \l _Toc 2.1.6速度检测模块论证与选择 PAGEREF _Toc \h 6 HYPERLINK \l _Toc 2.1.7显示模块论证与选择 PAGEREF _Toc \h 6 H