一种基于非均匀目标空间相机平场定标方法.docVIP

一种基于非均匀目标的空间相机平场定标方法 　　摘要： 　　平场定标是空间相机研制过程中必不可少的定标项目。目前，普遍使用均匀照明目标进行空间相机的平场定标，而该方法由于依赖于目标的均匀性，其应用存在一些缺陷。提出了一种基于非均匀目标的平场定标方法，摆脱了对目标均匀性的依赖，具有实际应用价值。首先，基于多幅非均匀目标图像像元灰度的相关性，建立了相机像面响应度分布计算模型；采用最小二乘迭代法对该模型进行了求解，并编写程序进行仿真验证，验证结果表明，在图像信噪比高于25 dB的情况下该方法定标精度优于0.5%；最后，根据该方法的特点，给出了实际定标试验的操作流程。 　　关键词： 　　平场定标； 非均匀照明； 空间相机； 模型仿真 　　中图分类号： O 432.1 文献标志码： A doi： 10.3969/j.issn2016.01.008 　　A flat field calibration method of space camera based 　　on a nonuniform target 　　YUE Jinying1， LI Suwen1， HE Lingping2 　　（1.College of Science，Changchun Institute of Technology， Changchun 130021， China； 　　2.Changchun Institute of Optics，Fine Mechanics and Physics，Chinese Academy of Sciences， Changchun 130033， China） 　　Abstract： 　　Flat field calibration is an essential calibration project for space camera. At present the uniform illumination target is generally used to fulfill space camera′s flat field calibration， but this method is limited in application because it relies on the uniformity of the target. A new flat field calibration method was proposed based on the nonuniform target. This method has a great practical value as it is no longer dependent on the uniform target. At first， a responsivity distribution calculation model of the camera image plane was established based on the pixels gray correlation of multiple nonuniform target images. Then by using the leastsquares iteration method， the calculation model was solved. Meanwhile， a simulation program had been developed to test this calibration method. The test results show that the new calibration method′s precision is better than 0.5% when the image signaltonoise ratio is higher than 25 dB. Finally， based on the characteristics of this method， a practical calibration process has been proposed. 　　Keywords： flat field calibration； nonuniform illumination； space camera； model simulation 　　引 言 　　空间相机是利用光学技术获取目标信息的航天有效载荷，是一种获取地球地理、宇宙天体信息的有力工具，在对地遥感测绘、资源普查、减灾防灾、国防军事、空间天文学及空间天气预报等领域，有着重要的应用价值。为了提高获取数据的准确性，空间相机一般要进行一些地面和在轨