单片机类（毕业设计）外文翻译.doc

PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 17 ADC Oversampling Techniques for Stellaris Family Microcontrollers Introduction Luminary Micro provides an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) module on some members of the Stellaris microcontroller family. The hardware resolution of the ADC is 10 bits; however, due to noise and other accuracy-diminishing factors, the true accuracy is less than 10 bits. This application note provides a software-based over sampling technique, resulting in an improved Effective Number Of Bits (ENOB) in the conversion result. This document describes methods of over sampling an inputsignal, and the impact on precision and overall system performance. Oversampling As the name implies, oversampling gathers additional conversion data from an input signal. Standard convention for sampling an analog signal indicates that the sampling frequency fSshould be at least twice that of the highest frequency component fH of the input signal. This is referred to as the Nyquist Theorem (see Equation 1). Equation 1. Nyquist Theorem fS = 2 fH Any sampling frequency selected above fS is considered to be over sampling, and when combined with averaging techniques, improves the ENOB. This is possible because averaging the oversampled results also averages the quantization noise, thus improving the Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR), which has a direct effect on the ENOB. For each bit of accuracy improvement, the signal must be over sampled by a factor of four, meaning that the relationship between the over sampling frequency fOS and sampling frequency fS is as shown in Equation 2. Equation 2. Oversampling Frequency fOS = 4x * fS where x is the desired improvement on the ENOB (for example, for two bits of improvement, x = 2). Figure 1 shows how oversampling improves the accuracy of the conversion result. In this diagram, the input signal is oversampled by 4 (sample groups are shown in green and purple) and averaged.