专业英语10教学文稿.pptVIP

生物医学工程专业英语; x-ray imaging attenuation electromagnetic radiation equation intensity a slab of material of thickness d coefficient ; calcium phosphate in contrast to muscle tissue illustrate differentiate chemical composition artery enhance antiarrhythmic ; administration prevention physiological/psychology viral hepatitis epidemiology reliability check against obtain from prognosis ; nephritis water-soluble vitamin fat-soluble vitamin division ill-health intensive care unit pus surgeon/physician morbidity schedule ;Probing the body with Doppler ultrasound?用多普勒超声探查身体; 1.The Doppler effect has been understood since the middle of the 19th century when it was predicted theoretically and then demonstrated by using observers having ‘perfect pitch’ listening to notes played on a moving train. It initially found application in astronomy when it was observed that distant galaxies exhibited a shift of spectral lines towards the red, indicating that they were moving away from us at high velocities. This observation lead to the hypothesis of the expanding universe and the ‘Big Bang’ theory. More recently this fundamental physical principle has been applied to the measurement of the velocities of tissues hidden in the body using diagnostic ultrasound. perfect pitch：音高辨别力，强乐感 astronomy：天文学 galaxies：星系; 多普勒效应在19世纪中叶就被人们发现，当时首先在理论上被预言，接着又让有很强乐感的观察者聆听运动着的火车汽笛声频率的改变实验中得到证实。多普勒效应的最初应用是在天文学上，当时人们观测到遥远星系的谱线呈现红移现象，指出这些星系正以很高的速度远离我们而去。这一观测导致了膨胀宇宙和“大爆炸”理论这一假说。如今，这一基本的物理学原理已通过使用超声诊断来测量身体内部组织的运动速度。; 1803年：生于奥地利萨尔茨堡 1841年：布拉格理工学院数学教授 1842年：多普勒效应 1850年：维也纳大学物理学院第一任院长 1853年：去世;多普勒效应 ;多普勒效应的应用： 测量车速 测量星球运动的速度 彩超 …… ;卫星拍摄太阳照片 ;多普勒－斐索效应．当光源靠近时，光谱线会移向紫端（左边）； 而当光源远离时，光谱线则移向红端（右边） ;多普勒超声血液探测仪;2.Theory Frequency shift. The Doppler-shifted frequency when a sound wave having velocity, c, is detected by an observer moving with velocity, v, is given by Where f is the new frequency and f0 is the original frequency. For a moving source the result i