英语语法非谓语动词讲解2培训讲解.ppt

;AIMS 职业综合能力培养目标:; 分词; 1. 分词的句法作用 Their success is exciting. Have you read the book written by the famous actor. Being ill, he hasn’t come. They are watching the boys playing football.;2. 现在分词和过去分词作表语区别 现在分词：“令人……”； 过去分词：“感到……” The result was _______. After hearing the news, we felt very_______. (disappoint);3. 作定语的区别 现在分词：表示主动、进行中的动作 过去分词：表示被动、完成的动作 falling leaves / fallen leaves boiling water / boiled water developing / developed country speaking / spoken English;分词作定语时，常置于所修饰的词之后，相当于一个定语从句;4. 分词作状语 Being a clever boy, his father sent him to college. Having done my homework, there was nothing else to do.;分词作状语的主要用法; (当强调时间时，可在分词前加when，while等连词，如：) Be careful when (you are) crossing the street. When (he was) asked to stop talking, he became angry.;（2）表示原因——代替as， since等引导的原因状语从句， Being tired (= As he was tired), he went to bed early. ;(3)表示条件——代替if, unless 等引导的条件状语从句 Turning to the right (= if you turn to …), you’ll find the theatre.;(4) 表示让步——代替though, although, even if引导的让步 状语从句： Although having spent (Although he has spent ) much time on his study, he doesn’t see his success. Although tired, they continued to work. ;(5) 表示方式或伴随状况， They walked into the classroom, talking and laughing. The teacher stood there surrounded by the students.;5. 分词作补足语; ▲He suddenly heard someone knocking at the door. ▲ Sorry to have kept you waiting.;6. 某些分词固定词组 generally speaking / considering / judging by (from) ;7. 特殊情况;8. 独立主格结构 在用分词作状语时，它逻辑上的主语 要和句子的主语一致。但有时也可以 有自己独立的逻辑主语，由代词或名 词的主格担任，称为独立主格结构。;1）代词或名词主格+分词;非谓语动词的四项内容 ;例如： To learn a foreign language at least is necessary for the youth of the 21st century. （主语） He decided to refuse the invitation. （宾语） ???????Jenny is to blame. （表语） ;The students go to school to get knowledge. （状语） Do you have anything to take? （定语） ?The teacher asks the boy not to smoke. （补语） ;2. 动名词即 V-ing 形式，它具有名词的特点，同时具备形容词和动词的特点，可作主语、宾语、表语