汽车儿童安全座椅造型设计本科论文.docxVIP

黄雷：汽车儿童安全座椅造型设计 - PAGE IV - - PAGE I - 摘 要 随着我国经济的快速发展，我国汽车保有量持续快速增长，于此同时乘车安全问题也慢慢的进入了我们的视野。国内对于乘车安全的认识还仅限于安全带和安全气囊的使用。儿童乘车安全在国内还是一个新鲜的词语，家长们大都选则怀抱或者让儿童坐在副驾驶依靠安全气囊在儿童乘车过程中保护他们，误认为安全气囊和妈妈的怀抱能够给他们提供一定的保护[1]。实则不然，有数据表明，在城市道路上行驶的汽车在发生碰撞的时候，在惯性的作用下成年人怀里的孩子会以20~30倍自身重量的冲击力冲出，成年人反应过来之前，孩子可能已经撞上了挡风玻璃。[2]而对于身体各方面都还正在发育的儿童而言，安全气囊弹出的巨大冲力对于儿童脆弱的骨骼有很大的伤害，并影响他们呼吸。部分年龄大的儿童有的父母让他们使用成人安全带，但是依照人机工程学，成人安全带设计过程中参照的是成人的身体尺寸，当汽车发生碰撞时安全带会勒住孩子的脖子对其造成巨大的伤害。[3] 根据欧美等发达国家的经验，汽车儿童安全座椅可以在儿童乘车过程中为他们提供相应的保护。汽车儿童安全座椅是一种能够通过固定到汽车座椅上，在儿童乘车过程中能够使他们获得足够的保护的儿童安全防护系统。[4]西方发达国家、日本、韩国和香港等发达地区的汽车儿童安全座椅使用率已经超过了80%，这归功于他们有着合适的关于汽车儿童安全座椅的法律法规。但是我国在这方面的立法还处于空白阶段，国内的家长对于汽车儿童安全座椅还很陌生。尽管汽车保有量的持续增长，但是国内汽车儿童安全座椅的普及却没有跟上。[5] 关键词：汽车；儿童；安全；座椅；保护；伤害。 - PAGE III - Modeling Design of Vehicle Child Safety Seat Abstract With the rapid development of Chinas economy, more and more people have their own car, in the meanwhile the security problem while traveling come into our field of vision. For domestic travel safety awareness is only limited to the use of seat belts and airbags. The children’s car safety in our country is still a new word, most parents choose the arms or allow children sitting in the passenger airbag to protect their children ride the course, and they think the airbags and mothers arms will provide a certain protection. Actually otherwise, the data show that if a car occurred an accident, kids will rush out in the weight which is 20 to 30 times of his own weight, before the adults react , the child may hit the windshield. And for all aspects of childrens bodies are still under development, the airbag systems huge momentum would give kid’s bones a lot of damage, and affect their breathing, even kill them. For part of the older child, some parents allow them to use adult seat belts, but according to ergonomics, the adult seat belt is designed in adult’s body size, the childs neck will be reined and get a great hurt when the accident occur. According to the experience in Europe and America and other deve