Shall I Compare Thee to a summer’s Day3.pptVIP

From the text itself Levels of language Level One: Phonology or Graphology Level Two: Lexis and Grammar Level Three: Semantics Phonological features Segmentals: phonemes (consonants and vowels)supra-segmentals: syllable stress, rhythm, and intonation Segmental features 2, Phonaesthesia (sound symbolism) （方言测试） Examples: What do they pronounce/mean in common? [i:] [i] little, tittle, bit, thin, slit, chink, sliver [u:] [u] gloom, doom, loom, woe, forlorn [fl] flail, flap, flare, fling, flick, flop, flounce [gl] gleam, glint, glitter, glisten [le] [er] bubble, twinkle, jangle, ripple, twitter, flutter Phonaesthesia (语音象征，或语音感觉) occurs when certain sounds become associated with certain meanings, even though they do not attempt to imitate the sound. Segmental features 2, Phonaesthesia (sound symbolism) 　 scr-:scramble（争抢），scrape（刮擦），scratch（抓），scream（尖叫）， screak (嘎嘎作响)，screech（尖叫），scranch (嘎咂嚼碎)，scraunch (同“scranch”), scroop (发轧轧声), scrub（擦洗），scrunch（嘎吱嘎吱地作响），scribble（乱写）, scrabble (乱涂), scrawl（乱划）。根据其发音特征，一般都和刮、擦等刺耳不悦的声音有联系。 　　sc -:scan（扫描），scat（迅速走开），scud（飞奔），scutter（疾走），scuttle（急促地跑），scoot（疾走），scamper（奔走），scurry（疾跑），scour（疾跑）。都和快速移动动作有关联。 Segmental features 3, Sound Patterning: matching of identical or similar sounds between two or more words. Monosyllabic sound patterning: C V C Alliteration 头韵 C V C Assonance 腹韵 C V C Consonance 辅韵 C V C Reverse Rhyme 倒韵 C V C Pararhyme 头尾韵 C V C Rhyme 韵 Segmental features 3, Sound Patterning: matching of identical or similar sounds between two or more words. Monosyllabic sound patterning: C V C Alliteration drip-dry C V C Assonance hit or miss C V C Consonance fits-starts C V C Reverse Rhyme time-tide C V C Pararhyme hell-hole C V C Rhyme fat-cat Segmental features 3, Sound Patterning (examples) Alliterati