Fortran内部读写.pdfVIP

Fortran Programming Guide Chapter 2 Fortran Input/Output This chapter discusses the input/output features provided by Sun Fortran compilers. Accessing Files From Within Fortran Programs Data is transferred between the program and devices or files through a Fortran logical unit . Logical units are identified in an I/O statement by a logical unit number, a nonnegative integer from 0 to the maximum 4-byte integer value (2,147,483,647). * The character can appear as a logical unit identifier. The asterisk stands for standard input file when it appears in a READ statement; it stands for standard output file when it appears in a WRITE or PRINT statement. A Fortran logical unit can be associated with a specific, named file through the OPEN statement. Also, certain preconnected units are automatically associated with specific files at the start of program execution. Accessing Named Files The OPEN statements FILE= specifier establishes the association of a logical unit to a named, physical file at runtime. This file can be pre- existing or created by the program. See the Sun FORTRAN 77 Language Reference Manual for a full discussion of the OPEN statement. The FILE= specifier on an OPEN statement may specify a simple file name (FILE=myfile.out) or a file name preceded by an absolute or relative directory path (FILE=../Amber/Qproj/myfile.out). Also, the specifier may be a character constant, variable, or character expression. Library routines can be used to bring command-line arguments and environment variables into the program as character variables for use as file names in OPEN statements. (See man page entries for getarg(3F) and getenv(3F) for details; these and other useful library routines are also described in the F