材料科学跟工程基础作业节评-9.pptVIP

4-62 已知碲化锌的Eg=2.26eV，它对哪一部分可见光透明？ 4-59叙述下列概念：（1）反射、透射和吸收：（2）旋光性：（3）非线性光学性质：（4）光泽：（5）发光：（6）光敏性 4-66为什么有些透明材料是带色的，有些是无色的？ 选择性吸收； 内部折光指数不均匀 4-70有哪些方法可以改善材料的透明性。 增加聚合物材料透明性的方法 加速成核或由熔体急剧冷却——减少球晶大小； 拉伸——球晶转变为取向微丝 19.4 Distinguish between materials that are opaque, translucent, and transparent in terms of their appearance and light transmittance. 不透明，透过率接近0 半透明 透明，透过率接近1 15.20 It is desired to produce an aligned carbon fiber-epoxy matrix composite having a longitudinal tensile strength of 750 MPa (109,000psi). Calculate the volume fraction of fibers necessary if(1) the average fiber diameter and length are 1.2?10-2 mm (4.7 ? 104 in.) and 1 mm (0.04 in.), respectively;(2) the fiber fracture strength is 5000 MPa (725,000 psi);(3) the fiber-matrix bond strength is 25 MPa (3625 psi); and(4) the matrix stress at fiber failure is 10 MPa (1450 psi). 4-76 简述纳米材料的基本物理效应。 思考题 * * 第十四次作业中文 λ=hc/Eg=0.55μm h=6.62*10-34J.s/1.6*10-19=4.13*10-15eV.s c =3*108m.s-1 对波长0.55~0.7 μm的可见光透明 4-63、当可见光垂直入射并透过20mm厚的某种透明材料时，透射率为0.85，当该种透明材料的厚度增加到40mm时，透射率为多少？已知折射率为1.6。 R=（n1-1）2/（n1+1）2=0.053 T=（1-R）2e- β l； 0.85=（1-0.053）2e- β *0.02； β =2.6 T=（1-R）2e- β l =0.808 19.9 Compute the velocity of light in calcium fluoride (CaF2 ), which has a dielectric constant ?r of 2.056 (at frequencies within the visible range) and a magnetic susceptibility of-1.43?10-5. μr=1+χm=1-0.0000143=0.9999757 n=（εrμr）1/2=1.43 v=c/n=2.10×108m/s 另解： μr=μ/μ0, μ=μ0 ?μr ?r=?/ ? 0, μ= ? 0 ? ? r 19.19 The fraction of nonreflected radiation that is transmitted through a 10-mm thickness of a transparent material is 0.90. If the thickness is increased to 20 mm, what fraction of light will be transmitted? IT=I0（1-R）2e-βl=I0e-βl 0.9=e-βl=e（-β×0.01） β=10.54 IT=I0e（-β×0.02）=0.81I0 19.22 Briefly explain what determines the characteristic color of (a) a metal and (b) a transparen