Compiler Design – CSE 504.pptVIP

Compiler Design – CSE 504 Type Checking Static Checking Static (Semantic) Checks Type checks: operator applied to incompatible operands? Flow of control checks: break (outside while?) Uniqueness checks: labels in case statements Name related checks: same name? Type Checking Problem: Verify that a type of a construct matches that expected by its context. Examples: mod requires integer operands (PASCAL) * (dereferencing) – applied to a pointer a[i] – indexing applied to an array f(a1, a2, …, an) – function applied to correct arguments. Information gathered by a type checker: Needed during code generation. Type Systems A collection of rules for assigning type expressions to the various parts of a program. Based on: Syntactic constructs, notion of a type. Example: If both operators of “+”, “-”, “*” are of type integer then so is the result. Type Checker: An implementation of a type system. Syntax Directed. Sound Type System: eliminates the need for checking type errors during run time. Type Expressions Implicit Assumptions: Each program has a type Types have a structure Representation of Type Expressions Type Expressions Grammar Type - int | float | char | … | void | error | name | variable | array( size, Type) | record( (name, Type)*) | pointer( Type) | tuple((Type)*) | arrow(Type, Type) A Simple Typed Language Program - Declaration; Statement Declaration - Declaration; Declaration | id: Type Statement - Statement; Statement | id := Expression | if Expression then Statement | while Expression do Statement Expression - literal | num | id | Expression mod Expression | E[E] | E ↑ | E (E) Type Checking Expressions E - int_const { E.type = int } E - float_const { E.type = float } E - id { E.type = sym_lookup(id.entry, type) } E - E1 + E2 {E.type = if E1.type ?{int, float} | E2.type ? {int, float} then error else if E1.type == E2.type == int then int else float } Type Checking Expressions E