第五次课Alkalinepulping9.pptVIP

第五次课 Alkaline pulping 这一课为重点讲述内容,分两次课进行。 Chemical pulping introduction Chemical Pulping breaks down the raw material (wood) into individual fibres by dissolving the lignin that holds the fibres together. There are two main processes in Chemical Pulping. These are Sulphate and Sulphite Pulping.The Sulphate process produces pulp of high strength and bulk but a generally gives a poor sheet formation. The pulp is used for products such as linerboard and food packaging board. Sulphite pulping provides pulp of lower strength and bulk but with better formation properties. This pulp is used for products such as MG paper with a high gloss finish.?? Sulphate A Chemical pulping process using Sulphate, often known as the kraft pulping process.Sulphite A Chemical pulping process using sulphite.Lignin A complex chemical substance that bonds wood fibres together. In the Sulphate process, chemicals and chips are charged into a digester and cooked for approximately 2-4 hours at around 170 deg Celsius depending on the lignin to be removed. For each ton of pulp produced about 3000-5000 gallons of residual fluid called black liquor is produced and washed from the pulp during the process. This residue contains dissolved wood components (organics) and inactive cooking chemicals (inorganics). This residue goes through a recovery process. The organic component is burnt off to generate heat energy. The inorganics are re-activated to be re-used again.The pulp can then be bleached to attack and remove the remaining lignin and to strip the colour from the fibres and any dirt to improve brightness. The Sulphite process is similar to that of Sulphate Pulping except that sulfurous acid and an alkali is used to break down the lignin bonds.The yield of chemical pulping is about 45% but a high brightness can be achieved and much of the remaining wood material can be burnt to produce steam and electrical energy.   Image courtesy of Metso  粘度与温度曲线 Alkaline pulping难点