系统解剖学教学资料头骨.ppt

湖北医药学院解剖教研室 * The Skull 彭 兴 春 Department of AnatomyHubei University of Medicine 1.掌握颅的组成，脑颅、面颅的划分。 2.掌握颅底内面观的主要结构。 3.掌握眶、骨性鼻腔的形态特征。骨性鼻旁 窦的名称、位置及开口。 4.掌握颅骨的常用骨性标志：眉弓、颧弓、 下颌角、舌骨、乳突、枕外隆突。 5.了解新生儿颅骨的特征及生后变化。 目的要求 The skull The skull contains 23 bones .The skull is divided into two parts :cerebral cranium and facial Cranium. (一）The cranial skull The cerebral cranium consists of eight cranial bones . one frontal one ethmoid one sphenoid one occipital two parietal two temporal (二）The facial cranium The facial cranium are fifteen in number. maxilla palatine paired zygomatic bones nasal lacrimal bones inferior nasal conchae vomer Unpaired mandible bones hyoid 1. The mandible 2. The hyoid head of mandible angle of mandible (三）The whole view of the skull 1.The superior aspect of the skull coronal suture sagittal suture lambdoid suture 2.The posterior aspect of the skull external occipital protuberance superior nuchal line 3.The internal surface of the base of skull It is divided into three fossa. These are the anterior,the middle and the posterior cranial fossa. crista galli 鸡冠 cribriform plat 筛板 cribriform foramina 筛孔 (1) The anterior cranial fossa (2) The middle cranial fossa hypophysial fossa 垂体窝 optic canal anterior clinoid process前床突 dorsum sellae 鞍背 superior orbital fissure眶上裂 foramen lacerum 破裂孔 foramen rotundum 圆孔 foramen ovale 卵圆孔 foramen spinosum 棘孔 sulcus for middle meningeal artery 脑膜中动脉沟 foramen magnum 枕骨大孔 hypoglossal canal舌下神经管 jugular foramen颈静脉孔 internal acoustic pore 内耳门 (3) The posterior cranial fossa 4.The external surface of the base of skull alveo