立式微细电解加工机床三维造型设计说明书vesyfcdf.doc

PAGE 毕业设计(论文) 题目：立式微细电解加工机床 三维造型设计 学 院：  机械工程学院 专 业： 机械设计制造及其自动化 姓 名： 学 号： 指导教师： 摘 要 电解加工是利用金属在电解液中发生电化学阳极溶解的原理将工件加工成型的一种特种加工方法。其材料的减少过程以离子的形式进行,由于金属离子的尺寸非常微小，因此这种微溶解去除方式使得电解加工技术在微细制造领域有着很大的发展潜力。特别是对于难切削加工材料、形状复杂或薄壁零件的加工具有显著优势，在航空、航天推进器以及兵器制造上得到广泛的应用，成为国防工业生产中的关键制造技术。 本次毕业设计的内容是完成该机床的机械本体、主传动系统、主轴系统、引电系统的三维造型设计。 作者独立研制了一种新型、实用的微细电解加工机床。机床采用双立柱结构，这样可以保证系统的刚性、紧凑性和良好的操纵性和维护性；传动系统主要实现一个旋转和竖直的复合运动，通过丝杠副将电机的转动变成滑板的竖直运动，带动其上的主轴。旋转运动通过电机实现；采用步进电机驱动并经谐波减速器减速，位移分辨率高，可保证获得较高的加工精度；引电系统采用对称电刷，该结构可以消除电刷对旋转主轴的径向压力，保证引电可靠。因此，该机床的设计有重要的研究意义和实用意义。 关键词：电解加工 主轴 传动系统 机床 Abstract Electrochemical machining (ECM) is a non-traditional machining technology based on electrochemical anodic dissolution in electrolyte and able to machine difficult-to-cut materials and to produce complex shaped parts or thin-walled workpieces.The process of the reduction of its materials is made by ion. Due to the tiny size of metal ion, this micro-dissolution process brings ECM tremendous potential in the micro-manufacturing field. ECM has been widely applied for manufacturing aero-engine and weapons, and it has been a key technique of manufacture for national defence. The main purpose of this paper is to design the mechanical body, the system of transmission, the system of spindle, the system of electrical conductibility of the vertical micro ECM. A new micro ECM set-up is developed independently by the author. Double vertical column is chosen in the structure of machine tool to get the structure rigidity, compact framework dimension as well as good maneuverability and maintainability. Mechanical transmission system is to perform a compound of rotation and vertical motion; The driving screw parts are used to turn the rotation of the motor to the vertical motion of the nut and bring the shaft on it. Rotation is completed by the motor; The stepper motor is chosen to drive the driving screw parts and reduce speed by the