高三英语系动词及表语从句oxrgdhq2.doc

系动词 1. 最常用连系动词：be(am; is/was; are/were)。 2. 表变化的系动词：get; turn; go; fall; become; grow; come; run。用法注意：在英语中，系动词一般只有一般现在 时和一般过去时两种时态变化形式，没有其他时态变化形式。但表变化的这类系动词除外，它们有各种时态变化。 Eg: It is becoming colder and colder.  The food has gone bad.  此处还需注意的是become和turn后接表职业的名词时冠词的有无： Eg: Two years later, he became a teacher.  但Two years later, he turned teacher.  另外，go表变化时一般指事情向消极、不好的方面转化。 3. 所谓“感官动词”:look; sound; taste; smell; feel。一般它们在句子中译成：。。。起来；。。。上去。此类系动词为高考 高频词。Eg: The food tasted good.食物尝起来很香。  其中必须注意到它们本身也用作实义动词，所以在平常的教学和应用中一定多比较、关注它们的用法。 Eg: He looked sadly at the picture. / She looked sad after hearing the news.  Tom tasted the food and it tasted good. 4. 表状态的系动词：keep; stay; remain;（依然是；保持） Eg: She remains loyal to her father despite his cruelty towards her. ? What a lovely day today! I love fine weather and I hope it will stay fine for some more days. Much remains to be done. 5. 表像系动词：seem; appear。汉语意义：看起来像、似乎、好像。这两个动词有一个共同的特点，即如果要表达时态的变化，需要后接不定时来完成。 Eg: He seemed to have caught cold./ When Father came in, Tom seemed to be eating something. 另外此处一句型转换也要要求学生牢记 It seemed that he had caught cold. When Father came in, it seemed that Tom was eating something. 6. 终止系动词：prove; turn out。表达“证实、证明、结果为。。。”之意。 Eg: He proved (to be) right. / The experiment turned out successful. 系动词用法应注意的几个问题? 1． 一般地说，系动词无进行时态，无被动语态 如：Your hand feels cold. The soup tastes good. The dinner smells good.2．系动词的时态与形容词的比较级连用的问题。某些含有变化意义的动态系动词如get, become, grow, turn等的进行时态可与形容词的比较级连用，表示渐进过程，其意思是“越来越……”。例如：He is growing taller and taller.Our life is getting better and better.Things are getting worse.?3．所有半系动词的被动语态要分情况讨论。? 英语中某动词在作系动词用时，无被动语态，而作实义动词用时，才有被动语态，二者不可混为一谈。例如：不能说：The apple is tasted good.因为taste此时是系动词，“尝起来”之意，指的是苹果的性质，无被动语态）但我们可以说：The apple is tasted by me.这苹果被我尝了一下。（taste此时指“尝一尝”这一动作，有被动语态）因此，在平时的英语教学和学习之 ，要有意注意半系动词在具体的语言环境中到底是系动词用法还是实义动词用法，要注意区分、识别。4．瞬间动态系动词能否与时间段连用的问题英语中某些表示瞬间意义的系动词不能与“for+时间段，since+时间点，how long until+时间,by + 时间，so far”等直接连用。