普通物理学iihchapter34faradayslaw.ppt

General Review Electrostatics (静电学) motion of “q” in external E-field E-field generated by Sqi Magnetostatics (稳恒磁场) motion of “q” and “i” in external B-field B-field generated by “i” Electrodynamics (电动力学) time dependent B-field generates E-field AC circuits, inductors, transformers, etc. time dependent E-field generates B-field electromagnetic radiation - light! Today... Induction Effects Faraday’s Law (Lenz’ Law) Energy Conservation with induced currents? Faraday’s Law in terms of Electric Fields Cool Applications 34-1 Basic Phenomena ?B change?? ? Induced Current Induced emf Induction Effectsfrom Currents Conclusion: A current is induced in a loop when: ? there is a change in magnetic field through it ? this can happen many different ways How can we quantify this? 34-2 Faradays Law of Induction Faradays Law: The emf e induced in a circuit is determined by the time rate of change of the magnetic flux through that circuit. Sign of ? Right Hand Rule 34-3 Lenz‘s Law (楞次定律) Conservation of energy considerations: Claim: Direction of induced current must be so as to oppose the change; otherwise conservation of energy would be violated. Why??? If current reinforced the change, then the change would get bigger and that would in turn induce a larger current which would increase the change, etc.. Application of InductionE-M Cannon(电磁炮) Connect solenoid to a source of alternating voltage. Chapter 34, Act 1 For this act, we will predict the results of variants of the electromagnetic cannon demo which you just observed. Suppose two aluminum rings are used in the demo; Ring 2 is identical to Ring 1 except that it has a small slit as shown. Let F1 be the force on Ring 1; F2 be the force on Ring 2. Chapter 34, Act 1 For this act, we will predict the results of variants of the electromagnetic cannon demo which you just observed. Suppose two aluminum rings are used in the demo; Ring 2 is identical to Ring 1 except that it has a small slit as