产权的经济理论-德姆塞茨.docVIP

欢迎访问 HYPERLINK /bbs/index.asp?boardid=8 人大经济学论坛制度经济学版块，文章版权归作者所有。仅供学术交流，勿用于商业用途。 Towards a Theory of Property Rights Harold Demsetz The American Economic Review Volume 57, Issue 2 May, 1967, 347-359. Index Introduction The Concept and Role of Property Rights The Emergence of Property Rights The Coalescence and Ownership of Property Rights Introduction When a transaction is concluded in the marketplace, two bundles of property rights are exchanged. A bundle of rights often attaches to a physical commodity or service, but it is the value of the rights that determines the value of what is exchanged. Questions addressed to the emergence and mix of the components of the bundle of rights are prior to those commonly asked by economists. Economists usually take the bundle of property rights as a datum and ask for an explanation of the forces determining the price and the number of units of a good to which these rights attach. In this paper, I seek to fashion some of the elements of an economic theory of property rights. The paper is organized into three parts. The first part discusses briefly the concept and role of property rights in social systems. The second part offers some guidance for investigating the emergence of property rights. The third part sets forth some principles relevant to the coalescing of property rights into particular bundles and to the determination of the ownership structure that will be associated with these bundles. The Concept and Role of Property Rights In the world of Robinson Crusoe property rights play no role. Property rights are an instrument of society and derive their significance from the fact that they help a man form those expectations which he can reasonably hold in his dealings with others. These expectations find expression in the laws, customs, and mores of a society. An owner of property rights possesses the consent of fellowmen to allow him to act in particular ways. An owner expects the community to prevent others from