Zn2+离子掺杂TiO2一维纳米材料的制备及其光催化性能研究-化学工艺专业论文.docx

area was 64.77 m2/g for 0.52 at% Zn2+ doped TiO2 nanofibers which were calcined at 400oC for 4 h. The TiO2 nanotubes were prepared successfully by coaxial electrospinning, which had smooth tube surface, uniform tube diameter and wall thickness of about 50 nm after calcination at 400oC for 4 h. The structure of the anatase TiO2 and the Zn2+ doped anatase TiO2 were calculated based on density functional theory (DFT). The results confirm that the band gap of Zn2+ doped TiO2 becomes smaller and its optical absorption edge has red shift, which benefits photocatalytic activity in visible light zone. The photocatalytic properties of the various TiO2 nanomaterials were evaluated in UV light zone and visible light zone. The experiments results showed that the highest photodegradation rates for the various TiO2 nanomaterials in methyl orange solution were 85% for TiO2 nanopowders, 69% for nanofibers, 52% for Zn2+ doped TiO2 nanofibers, and only 30% for TiO2 nanotubers, respectively. It indicates that chemical modification and morphology changing for TiO2 has little influence on photocatalytic properties in UV light zone. However, in visible light zone the highest photodegradation rates for the prepared various TiO2 nanomaterials in methylene blue solution were 25% for TiO2 nanopowders, 32% for nanofibers, 80% for TiO2 nanotubers, 88% for Zn2+ doped TiO2 nanofibers, and 92% for TiO2 nanotubers, respectively. It shows that chemical modification and morphology changing for TiO2 can improve the phtocatalytic properties in visible light zone. This provides a necessary theoretic foundation for TiO2 nanomaterials in practice. Key words： Zn2+ doped TiO2; TiO2 nanofiber; TiO2 nanotube; UV-catalyzed; Visible light catalyzed 目 录 第一章 绪 论 1 1.1 纳米科学技术 1 1.2 纳米材料 1 1.3 纳米材料分类 2 1.3.1 零维纳米材料 2 1.3.2 一维纳米材料 3 1.3.3 二维纳米材料 3 1.3.4 纳米块体材料 4 1.4 光催化材料 4 1.4.1 光催化材料现状概述 4 1.4.2 TiO2 光催化剂改性方法 5 1.5 纳米 TiO2 光催化剂的制备方法 7 1.5.1 微乳液法 7 1.5.2 醇盐水解法 11 1.5.3 溶胶—凝胶法 12 1.5.4 静电纺丝法