打击全球腐败五种方法.docVIP

打击全球腐败五种方法 　　[摘 要] 腐败妨碍公平决策，分散公益资源，严重侵蚀人们对当政者的信任。国际社会在全球范围与腐败展开了严肃斗争，并取得了显著进展。为了杜绝贿赂，避免因为腐败导致的全球危机，打击腐败有五种方法：一是采纳责任制。二是企业引进。三是向金砖五国取经。四是聘用年轻人。五是支持反腐创新，其中关键点是应构建廉政文化，寻找机会彻底打败祸害社会的腐败问题。 　　[关键词] 反腐；责任制；反腐创新；廉政文化；公共政策 　　[中图分类号] D523.4 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1002-8129（2017）08-0053-05 　　The various crises currently dominating international headlines ?C Ukraine， ISIS， Ebola ?C don’t appear to have much in common. But while the dynamics certainly differ， each of these challenges is underpinned by a common theme： rampant corruption. From the collapse of government in Ukraine and the revolution in Syria to the graft that has undermined health systems in West Africa， corruption has proven to be a driver of recent instability. 　　乌克兰问题、ISIS伊斯兰国极端恐怖组织、埃博拉等占据了国际新闻的头条，这些危机各有其不同的根源， 表面上共同之处不多，但在其背后都有一个共同主题：腐败猖獗。乌克兰政府垮台，叙利亚革命，贪污受贿对西非卫生系统的破坏，这些问题的背后都被证实，腐败是造成这些地区不稳定的驱动因素。 　　Corruption impedes fair decision-making， diverts resources meant for the public good and erodes our trust of those in power. Around the world， this lack of integrity has become entrenched， to the tune of $30 trillion over the past 15 years： half of global GDP. 　　腐败妨碍公平决策，分散公益资源，极大地侵蚀了人们对当政者的信任。在全球范围，在过去的15年因廉正缺失而带来的巨大损失计达30万亿美元，大约占全球GDP的一半。 　　Since the end of the Cold War， when the international community began to get serious about fighting corruption at a global level， significant progress has been made. Laws， regulations and commitments are now in place， from the OECD Anti-Bribery Convention to the UN Convention Against Corruption. Those responsible for some of the most egregious practices are now behind bars. Organizations such as Transparency International and Global Witness have empowered civil society to hold governments more accountable around the world. 　　自冷?鸾崾?以来，国际社会在全球范围内与腐败展开了严肃地斗争，并取得了显著进展。国际社会制定了相关法律、规定，并做出承诺，为此，经合组织制定了《反行贿公约》，联合国制定了《联合国反腐败公约》，不少国家和地区均对严重的腐败行为责任人绳之以法。同时，一些国际透明组织、全球见证组织等国际组织也赋予民间组织更多权利，对政府进行问责。 　　The difficulty with corruption， however， is that it is an adaptive challenge which ev